Table 3. Personality differences on the TCI between controls and parasomnia patients (sleepwalkers together with patients with idiopathic nightmares).

TCI scales/subscales	Parasomnia patients (n = 24)	Controls (n = 293)	puncorrected
Novelty seeking (NS total)	23.58 ± 7.16	18.85 ± 5.56	0.0001 *
Exploratory excitability (NS1)	8.42 ± 2.43	5.95 ± 2.41	< 0.0001 *
Impulsiveness (NS2)	4.96 ± 2.66	4.54 ± 2.30	0.40
Extravagance (NS3)	5.13 ± 2.05	4.71 ± 1.86	0.30
Disorderliness (NS4)	5.08 ± 2.45	3.64 ± 1.88	0.0005 *
Harm avoidance (HA total)	14.58 ± 9.45	12.97 ± 6.18	0.24
Anticipatory worry (HA1)	5.00 ± 2.81	3.49 ± 2.16	0.0016 *
Fear of uncertainty (HA2)	3.21 ± 2.28	3.76 ± 1.89	0.18
Shyness (HA3)	3.13 ± 2.74	3.39 ± 2.28	0.59
Fatigability (HA4)	3.25 ± 2.74	2.33 ± 1.95	0.032
Reward dependence (RD total)	16.17 ± 3.91	14.46 ± 3.64	0.029
Sentimentality (RD1)	7.25 ± 1.94	6.83 ± 1.93	0.30
Attachment (RD3)	5.83 ± 1.69	4.38 ± 2.11	0.0012 *
Dependence (RD4)	3.08 ± 1.67	3.25 ± 1.45	0.59
Persistence (P)	5.75 ± 1.73	4.61 ± 1.98	0.0066
Self-directedness (SD total)	29.92 ± 7.71	34.31 ± 5.76	0.0006 *
Responsibility (SD1)	5.75 ± 2.42	6.57 ± 1.66	0.028
Purposeful (SD2)	5.58 ± 2.04	6.03 ± 1.72	0.23
Resourcefulness (SD3)	3.96 ± 1.23	3.98 ± 1.21	0.94
Self-acceptance (SD4)	6.13 ± 2.79	8.71 ± 2.16	< 0.0001 *
Enlightened second nature (SD5)	8.63 ± 2.22	9.02 ± 2.13	0.39
Cooperativeness (CO total)	31.83 ±6.25	33.46 ± 4.67	0.11
Social acceptance (CO1)	6.79 ± 1.44	6.96 ± 1.36	0.55
Empathy (CO2)	5.29 ± 1.27	5.23 ± 1.42	0.84
Helpfulness (CO3)	5.91 ± 1.47	6.17 ± 1.16	0.31
Compassion (CO4)	7.25 ± 2.80	8.35 ± 1.94	0.011
Pure-hearted conscience (CO5)	6.58 ± 1.59	6.74 ± 1.27	0.57
Self-Transcendence (ST total)	14.29 ± 5.78	13.93 ± 6.33	0.79
Self-forgetful (ST1)	6.29 ± 2.76	4.67 ± 2.49	0.0027
Transpersonal identification (ST2)	3.88 ± 2.13	3.80 ± 2.18	0.87
Spiritual acceptance (ST3)	4.13 ± 3.26	5.47 ± 3.19	0.049

Note: * Significant difference after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (α = 0.05/31 = .0016).