Table 1.

Odds ratio of male circumcision status and socio-economic and behavioural characteristics with data combined for 11 countries

Characteristic	OR (95 % CI)	p-value
Age groups, years
15–19	(Referent)
20–24	1.37 (1.30–1.44)	0.000*
25–29	1.41 (1.33–1.48)	0.000*
30–34	1.44 (1.36–1.52)	0.000*
35–39	1.64 (1.54–1.74)	0.000*
40–44	1.65 (1.54–1.76)	0.000*
45–49	1.66 (1.54–1.78)	0.000*
50–54	1.64 (1.51–1.78)	0.000*
55–59	2.36 (2.12–2.63)	0.000*
Place of residence
Urban	(Referent)
Rural	0.83 (0.80–0.86)	0.000*
Marital statusa
Never in union	(Referent)
Married	1.37 (1.33–1.42)	0.000*
Separate	1.39 (1.28–1.50)	0.000*
Education
Higher	(Referent)
Secondary	0.36 (0.33–0.38)	0.000*
Primary	0.62 (0.58–0.66)	0.000*
No education	1.75 (1.62–1.89)	0.000*
Religionb
Muslim	(Referent)
Christian	0.023 (0.021–0.026)	0.000*
Others	0.013 (0.011–0.014)	0.000*
Wealth Index
Richest	(Referent)
Richer	0.60 (0.58–0.63)	0.000*
Middle	0.62 (0.59–0.65)	0.000*
Poorer	0.67 (0.64–0.71)	0.000*
Poorest	0.73 (0.69–0.77)	0.000*
Occupationc
Professional	(Referent)
Clerical	0.78 (0.72–0.84)	0.000*
Skilled agricultural	0.74 (0.69–0.79)	0.000*
Elementary worker	0.47 (0.43–0.51)	0.000*
Non worker	0.30 (0.28–0.32)	0.000*
Access to Media
Good	(Referent)
Fair	1.59 (1.53–1.65)	0.000*
Poor	2.39 (2.28–2.52)	0.000*
No access	2.09 (1.98–2.22)	0.000*
Tobacco Used
No	(Referent)
Yes	1.04 (1.002–1.085)	0.041*
Attitude towards wife (among married respondents)e
Good attitude	(Referent)
Poor attitude	0.97 (0.88–1.06)	0.477
HIV/AIDS prevention knowledgef
Yes	(Referent)
No	0.83 (0.80–0.86)	0.000*

Note: 132 participants did not respond to circumcision questions

*p < 0.05

^aOne respondent have missing information for marital status

^b2,567 participants have missing information for religion

^c1,684 participants have missing information for occupation

^dFive respondents have missing information for smoking

^eAmong the 32,256 married respondents, 1,423 (4 %) of them did not respond to questions on attitude towards wife

^fFor this variable, all participants (N = 12,806) was included. Of these, 1,896 said “don’t know” on questions for knowledge of prevention of HIV/AIDS