Table 1.

Characteristics of the schools, pre and post intervention

		Intervention Schools (n = 8)		Control Schools (n = 8)
		2008	2011	2008	2011
A	School health environment
1	School food and nutrition environment
	Schools with shops	6	7	5	6
	Schools with shops selling fruit/salads	1	3	1	1
	Vegetable gardens at schools	1	4	2	3
	Schools having nutrition-related policies	5	7	7	7
	Vendors selling near/at schools	2	2	3	3
2	School physical activity and sport environment
	Principals’ considering facilities adequate	1	-	0	-
	School grounds considered clean and safe by research team	4	4	3	3
3	Staff Health
	Principals’ perception of staff health (as one of the top three health problems for staff)
	Lack of physical activity by staff	3	8	8	8
	Tobacco use by staff	2	2	0	1
	Unhealthy diet among staff	4	4	2	2
	Overweight among staff	5	6	5	6
4	Chronic diseases and diabetes awareness
	Principals’ perception of NCDs as one of the top three problems for
	Staff	5	4	6	7
	Parents	2	4	3	3
	Learners (overweight/obesity)	0	0	0	1
B	Factors to consider in programme development/implementation
1.	Community and environmental factors
	Parents’ substance abuse reported as a problem	7	-	7	-
	Poverty and unemployment in the community (to a great extent a problem)	8	-	7	-
	Crime and violence in the community in general (to a great extent a problem)	5	-	6	-
2.	Barriers to adopting health programmes (principals’ perceptions)
	Too little time within the timetable	2	-	3	-
	Too many competing priorities	2	-	3	-
	Lack of capacity/training and availability of human resources	4	-	4	-
	Lack of financial resources	6	-	5	-
	Inadequate facilities	4	-	3	-
	Lack of interest/willingness from outside organizations	1	-	1	-
	Lack of interest from learners	0	-	1	-
	Lack of interest/support from educators	1	-	0	-
	Lack of interest/support from parents	2	-	3	-
	Unsafe for learners to stay after school to participate	1	-	0	-