Table 2.
Population Distribution of Long-term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter in Relation to Selected Clinical Characteristics in the WHIMS-MRI Study Cohort (1999–2006)
| Population Characteristics† | N** | Quartile of cumulative average of annual PM2.5 | p-value* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.75–10.67 ug/m3 (N=351) |
10.67–12.24 ug/m3 (N=351) |
12.24–14.16 ug/m3 (N=351) |
14.16–22.18 ug/m3 (N=350) |
|||
| Hormone treatment ever | 0.06 | |||||
| No | 752 | 181 (24.1%) | 201 (26.7%) | 171 (22.7%) | 199 (26.5%) | |
| Yes | 651 | 170 (26.1%) | 150 (23%) | 180 (27.6%) | 151 (23.2%) | |
| Hypertension ever | 0.23 | |||||
| No | 889 | 229 (25.8%) | 233 (26.2%) | 209 (23.5%) | 218 (24.5%) | |
| Yes | 505 | 121 (24%) | 115 (22.8%) | 140 (27.7%) | 129 (25.5%) | |
| Diabetes treated ever (pills or shots) | ||||||
| No | 1356 | 347 (25.6%) | 338 (24.9%) | 335 (24.7%) | 336 (24.8%) | |
| Yes | 46 | 4 (8.7%) | 12 (26.1%) | 16 (34.8%) | 14 (30.4%) | |
| High cholesterol requiring pills ever | 0.18 | |||||
| No | 1153 | 302 (26.2%) | 284 (24.6%) | 280 (24.3%) | 287 (24.9%) | |
| Yes | 223 | 43 (19.3%) | 62 (27.8%) | 60 (26.9%) | 58 (26%) | |
| Cardiovascular disease ever | 0.44 | |||||
| No | 1193 | 302 (25.3%) | 307 (25.7%) | 294 (24.6%) | 290 (24.3%) | |
| Yes | 193 | 45 (23.3%) | 42 (21.8%) | 51 (26.4%) | 55 (28.5%) | |
†
presented as the number (row %) belonging to each exposure quartile, given the indicated subcategory of population characteristics
*
p-value: comparing the distribution of exposure quartile across subcategories of each personal characteristics
**
The total number of subjects summed up across each subcategory varies slightly because of missing values.