Table 1.
Percent distribution of study participants by background characteristics
| Control n (%) | Intervention n (%) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Household characteristics n = 1,385 | |||
| Age of mother | |||
| 13-24 yrs | 413 (54.5) | 377 (60.1) | |
| > = 25 yrs | 345 (45.5) | 250 (39.9) | 0.035 |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Migrant | 593 (78.2) | 424 (67.6) | |
| Indigenous | 165 (21.8) | 203 (32.4) | <0.001 |
| Religion | |||
| Other religion | 75 (9.9) | 45 (7.2) | |
| Christian | 683 (90.1) | 582 (92.8) | 0.170 |
| Education | |||
| None/primary | 635 (83.8) | 525 (83.7) | |
| Secondary/tertiary | 123 (16.2) | 102 (16.3) | 0.984 |
| Marital status | |||
| Single/separated | 70 (9.2) | 88 (14.0) | |
| Living with spouse | 688 (90.8) | 539 (86.0) | 0.005 |
| Source of income | |||
| None/housewife | 365 (48.2) | 359 (57.3) | |
| Regular/stable income | 393 (51.8) | 268 (42.7) | 0.001 |
| Selected Obstetric characteristics | |||
| Number of pregnancy | |||
| Second/more | 552 (72.8) | 363 (57.9) | |
| First | 206 (27.2) | 264 (42.1) | <0.001 |
| Number of ANC visits in previous pregnancy (n = 1,085) | |||
| 0-3 visits | 238 (37.8) | 231 (50.7) | |
| 4/more visits | 391 (62.2) | 225 (49.3) | <0.001 |
| Outcome of last pregnancy | |||
| Abortion/stillbirth | 44 (7.0) | 27 (5.9) | |
| Term/live baby | 585 (93.0) | 429 (98.1) | 0.480 |
| Where last delivery took place (n = 1,046) | |||
| Home/way to facility | 314 (52.1) | 204 (46.1) | |
| Health facility | 289 (47.9) | 239 (53.9) | 0.054 |
| Attendant at birth | |||
| None professional | 301 (49.9) | 184 (41.5) | |
| Professional health worker | 302 (50.1) | 259 (58.5) | 0.007 |
| Gestation age at recruitment | |||
| > 20 weeks | 381 (50.3) | 346 (55.2) | |
| ≤ 20 weeks | 377 (49.7) | 281 (44.8) | 0.068 |
| Level of health centre | |||
| Level II | 514 (67.8) | 198 (31.6) | |
| Level III | 244 (32.2) | 429 (68.4) | <0.001 |