Table 4.
Demographic, clinical, and phytosterol intake characteristics of infants in gestational age group categories
| Very preterm (n=6) | More mature (n=30) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gestational age (weeks) | 26.6 (26.4, 26.9) | 35.3 (30.6, 36) | - |
| Birth weight (kg) | 0.84 (0.68, 0.92) | 1.93 (1.28, 2.54) | < 0.01*a |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 4 (67) | 13 (43) | 0.39b |
| Race/Ethnicity | 0.86b | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 5 (83) | 17 (57) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1 (17) | 8 (27) | |
| Hispanic | 0 (0) | 2 (7) | |
| Other | 0 (0) | 3 (10) | |
| Diagnosis | |||
| Prematurity | 6 (100) | 26 (87) | >0.99b |
| SGA | 1 (17) | 8 (27) | >0.99b |
| RDS | 6 (100) | 17 (57) | 0.07b |
| PDA | 2 (33) | 3 (10) | 0.19b |
| Sepsis | 2 (33) | 0 (0) | 0.02*b |
| TEF | 0 (0) | 2 (7) | >0.99b |
| Gastroschisis | 0 (0) | 10 (33) | 0.16b |
| Intestinal Atresia or Stenosis | 0 (0) | 5 (17) | 0.56b |
| NEC | 0 (0) | 2 (7) | >0.99b |
| Imperforate Anus | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | >0.99b |
| Spontaneous Perforation | 1 (17) | 2 (7) | 0.43b |
| Malrotation | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | >0.99b |
| G-tube placement | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | >0.99b |
| Volvulus | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | >0.99b |
| Cholestasis | 1 (17) | 3 (10) | 0.54b |
| GI surgery (yes) | 1 (17) | 18 (60) | 0.08b |
| Length of stay (days) | 81 (79, 84) | 34 (23, 61) | <0.01*a |
| SO lipid | |||
| Day of life at initiation | 1 (1, 1) | 1 (1, 1) | 0.82a |
| Total SO lipid days | 13 (8, 30) | 17 (8, 25) | 0.85a |
| Sterol intake during first 5 days of SO lipid | |||
| Sitosterol (mg/kg per day) | 2.60 (2.43, 2.83) | 3.04 (2.43, 3.31) | 0.47a |
| Campesterol (mg/kg per day) | 1.04 (0.93, 1.31) | 1.16 (0.93, 1.39) | 0.52a |
| Stigmasterol (mg/kg per day) | 0.97 (0.90, 1.07) | 1.14 (0.91, 1.29) | 0.17a |
| Cholesterol (mg/kg per day) | 4.25 (3.98, 4.63) | 5.03 (4.29, 5.70) | 0.15a |
| Cumulative sterol intake during entire hospitalization | |||
| Sitosterol (mg/kg) | 35.06 (26.02, 97.86) | 52.20 (24.34, 76.14) | >0.99a |
| Campesterol (mg/kg) | 14.07 (11.08, 42.39) | 22.51 (9.28, 31.13) | 0.95a |
| Stigmasterol (mg/kg) | 13.12 (9.75, 36.72) | 19.41 (9.04, 29.12) | 0.95a |
| Cholesterol (mg/kg) | 57.70 (42.58, 160.11) | 85.27 (39.84, 129.18) | 0.92a |
SGA, small for gestational age; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; TEF, tracheoesophageal fistula; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis, G-tube, gastrostomy tube; GI, gastrointestinal. Data are presented as median (interquartile range) or n (%).
*
P-value < 0.05.
a
Mann–Whitney (Wilcoxon rank-sum) test.
b
Fisher’s exact test.