Table 1.

Genetic syndromes commonly associated with obesity or overgrowth.

Genetic syndrome	Gene(s)/chromosomal location(s)	Associated with neurocognitive deficits?
Achondroplasia	FGFR3/4p16.3	No
Alström Syndrome	ALMS1/2p13.1	Yes
Bardet Biedl Syndromes	Multiple/Multiple	Yes
Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome	CDKN1C, KCNQ1OT1/H19,/11p15, 11p14	Rarely
Borjeson–Forssman–Lehmann Syndrome	PHF6/Xq26.2	Yes
Carpenter syndrome	RAB23/6p11.2	Yes
Congenital disorder of glycosylation 1a	PMM2/16p13.2	Yes
Cohen Syndrome	COH1 (VPS13B)/8q22.2	Yes
Cowden syndrome	PTEN/10q23.31	Yes
Fragile X	FMR1/Xq27.3	Yes
MEHMO Syndrome	Xp22.13-p21.1	Yes
Meningomyelocele	Multiple/Multiple	Variable
MORM Syndrome	INPP5E/9q34.3	Yes
Prader Willi Syndrome	SNRPN, NDN/15q11.2	Yes
Pseudohypoparathyroidism 1a	GNAS/20q13.32	Yes
Simpson–Golabi–Behmel Syndrome	GPC3/Xq26.2	Variable
Smith–Magenis Syndrome	RAI1/17p11.2	Yes
Sotos Syndrome 1	NSD1/5q35.2-q35.3	Yes
Sotos Syndrome 2	NFIX/19p13.2	Yes
Turner Syndrome	Multiple/X	Variable
Ulnar–mammary Schinzel Syndrome	TBX3/12q24.21	Yes
WAGR Syndrome with obesity	BDNF/11p14.1	Yes
Weaver syndrome	EZH2/7q36	Yes
Wilson–Turner Syndrome	HDAC8/Xq13.1	Yes