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. 2015 Aug 24;9:309. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00309

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Copyright © 2015 Scharinger, Eckrich, Vandael, Schönig, Koschak, Hecker, Kaur, Lee, Sah, Bartsch, Benedetti, Lieb, Schick, Singewald, Sinnegger-Brauns, Carbone, Engel and Striessnig.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Firing properties of WT – vs. DCRD^HA/HA MCCs. (A) Left: current-clamp traces of representative WT (black) and Cav1.3DCRD^HA/HA (red) MCCs without current injection. Dashed lines indicate baseline, dotted line indicates 0 mV. Right: percent of firing vs. silent cells and comparison of V_rest for WT (n = 18) and Cav1.3DCRD^HA/HA (HA, n = 32) MCCs. Significance testing on categorical data was performed by RxC contingency tables and a chi–square test (^∗∗∗p < 0.001) while a Student’s t-test was used for V_rest (^∗p < 0.05). (B) Averaged Na⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺-currents of WT (n = 9) and Cav1.3DCRD^HA/HA (n = 7) MCCs to the illustrated slow ramp protocol in the absence (black, ctrl) or presence of nifedipine (3 μM, red) and during SK channel block by apamin (200 nM, gray). (C) Top: overlay of WT (black) and Cav1.3DCRD^HA/HA averaged currents (red) elicited by the indicated ramp protocol. Arrows indicate the mean V_rest of both cell populations. Bottom: statistics for peak inward currents at about -25 mV triggered by the ramp protocol of control traces (black), during nifedipine (red) or SK channel block by apamin (gray) for WT (n = 9) and Cav1.3DCRD^HA/HA (n = 7) MCCs (^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001, one–way ANOVA followed by a Bonferroni post hoc analysis). (D) Representative current-clamp traces at increasing current injections from V_h = -70 mV from WT (black) and Cav1.3DCRD^HA/HA (red) MCCs. (E) Graphical representation of f_o and f_ss for WT (n = 15) and Cav1.3DCRD^HA/HA (n = 16) MCCs with increasing current injections. f_o, is the first inter-spike interval frequency and f_ss, is the last inter-spike interval frequency. (F) Overlay of f_o and f_ss from (E) to highlight differences (^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, paired Student’s t-test).