Table 1.
Component | Regulatory/effectors cells/genes | Reference |
---|---|---|
Mucus and surface defensins | Muc2 | (13) |
Antimicrobial peptides | (14, 15) | |
Complement system | (16–19) | |
Cell types | Goblet cells | (14) |
Macrophages | (6, 7) | |
Granulocytes | (6, 7) | |
Rodlet cells | (20) | |
M-cells | (12) | |
Enterocytes | (21, 22) | |
Pattern recognition receptor | Toll-like receptors | (23, 24) |
Peptidoglycan PRR | (25) | |
Proinflammatory cytokines | IL-1β | (26, 27) |
TNFα | (28) | |
IL-6 | (27) | |
Chemokines | CCR6 | (29) |
CCR9B | (29) | |
CXCL10 | (30) | |
CK12 | (31) |