Table S1.
Demographics for studies 1 and 2
| Category | Value | Census 2010† | Study 1 | Census and study 1 | Study 2 | |||
| n | % | n | % | Z | n | % | ||
| Age | 18–24 | 26,718 | 12.7% | 51 | 16.7% | 2.097* | 446 | 21.2% |
| 25–44 | 70,472 | 33.4% | 122 | 39.9% | 2.385* | 1,274 | 60.7% | |
| 45–64 | 75,865 | 36.0% | 95 | 31.0% | 1.800 | 342 | 16.3% | |
| 65–74 | 20,605 | 9.8% | 20 | 6.5% | 1.906 | 33 | 1.6% | |
| 75+ | 17,140 | 8.1% | 18 | 5.9% | 1.438 | 5 | 0.2% | |
| Race | White | 152,929 | 72.5% | 179 | 58.5% | 5.502*** | 1,645 | 78.3% |
| Black | 25,632 | 11.8% | 38 | 12.4% | 0.349 | 126 | 6.0% | |
| Hispanic | 21,285 | 9.8% | 52 | 17.0% | 4.169*** | 121 | 5.8% | |
| Asian | 7,638 | 3.9% | 7 | 2.3% | 1.528 | 123 | 5.9% | |
| Other | 3,316 | 2.0% | 30 | 9.8% | 10.977*** | 85 | 4.0% | |
| Sex | Male | 101,279 | 48.0% | 162 | 52.9% | 1.715 | 1,148 | 54.7% |
| Female | 109,521 | 52.0% | 144 | 47.1% | 1.715 | 947 | 45.1% | |
| Other | n/a | n/a | 0 | 0.0% | n/a | 5 | 0.2% | |
| Education | Less than ninth grade | 6,655 | 3.2% | 2 | 0.7% | 2.504* | 0 | 0.0% |
| Ninth to 12th grade | 15,931 | 7.6% | 45 | 14.7% | 4.724*** | 22 | 1.0% | |
| High school graduate | 65,951 | 31.3% | 68 | 22.2% | 3.417*** | 231 | 11.0% | |
| Some college or associate degree | 62,655 | 29.7% | 145 | 47.4% | 6.753*** | 820 | 39.0% | |
| Bachelors | 39,272 | 18.6% | 30 | 9.8% | 3.963*** | 752 | 35.8% | |
| Advanced | 20,336 | 9.6% | 16 | 5.2% | 2.616** | 275 | 13.1% | |
| Used‡ | Yes | 126,477 | 60.0% | 119 | 38.9% | 7.531*** | 1,509 | 71.9% |
| No | 84,323 | 40.0% | 187 | 61.1% | 7.531*** | 591 | 28.1% | |
| Income | Under $10,000 | 5,496 | 3.6% | 67 | 21.9% | 20.009*** | 137 | 6.5% |
| $10,000 to $14,999 | 5,069 | 3.3% | 33 | 10.8% | 8.538*** | 131 | 6.2% | |
| $15,000 to $19,999 | 4,549 | 2.9% | 28 | 9.2% | 7.446*** | 124 | 5.9% | |
| $20,000 to $29,999 | 12,632 | 8.2% | 45 | 14.7% | 4.800*** | 282 | 13.4% | |
| $30,000 to $39,999 | 13,182 | 8.5% | 34 | 11.1% | 1.857 | 288 | 13.7% | |
| $40,000 to $49,999 | 10,807 | 7.0% | 17 | 5.6% | 1.143 | 239 | 11.4% | |
| $50,000 to $74,999 | 25,516 | 16.5% | 30 | 9.8% | 3.602*** | 405 | 19.3% | |
| $75,000 to $99,999 | 17,597 | 11.4% | 11 | 3.6% | 4.932*** | 235 | 11.2% | |
| $100,000 to $149,999 | 16,586 | 10.7% | 5 | 1.6% | 5.916*** | 148 | 7.0% | |
| $150,000 and over | 12,102 | 7.8% | 0 | 0.0% | 5.893*** | 46 | 2.2% | |
| Prefer not to say | 30,875 | 20.0% | 36 | 11.8% | 4.069*** | 65 | 3.1% | |
| Marital status | Married | 113,421 | 53.8% | 48 | 15.7% | 13.364*** | 751 | 35.8% |
| Widowed | 13,612 | 6.5% | 27 | 8.8% | 1.682 | 15 | 0.7% | |
| Divorced | 23,035 | 10.9% | 68 | 22.2% | 6.324*** | 141 | 6.7% | |
| Separated | 4,528 | 2.1% | 15 | 4.9% | 3.317*** | 33 | 1.6% | |
| Never married | 56,203 | 26.7% | 148 | 48.4% | 8.576*** | 1,160 | 55.2% | |
*
P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; and ***P < 0.001.
†
Census numbers are in hundred thousands.
‡
For census data, “No” includes “unemployed” and “not in labor force.”