Table 2.

Comparison of voting proportions before and after Web research by group for studies 1 and 2

Study	Experiment	Group	Simulated vote before Web research		χ2	Simulated vote after Web research		χ2	VMP
			Gillard	Abbott		Gillard	Abbott
1	1	1	8	26	5.409	22	12	8.870*	48.4%**
		2	11	23		10	24
		3	17	17		14	20
	2	1	16	18	2.197	27	7	14.274***	63.3%***
		2	20	14		12	22
		3	14	20		22	12
	3	1	17	17	2.199	22	12	3.845	36.7%*
		2	21	13		15	19
		3	15	19		15	19
2	4	1	317	383	1.047	489	211	196.280***	37.1%***
		2	316	384		228	472
		3	333	367		377	323

McNemar's test was conducted to assess VMP significance. VMP, percent increase in subjects in the bias groups combined who said that they would vote for the favored candidate.

^*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; and ***P < 0.001: Pearson χ² tests were conducted among all three groups.