TABLE II.

Top Hits of Differential Methylation Levels for CpG Sites in Cord Blood Associated with Maternal Prepregnancy BMI (P < 10⁻⁴) in the Boston Birth Cohort

Target ID	Symbola	Beta ± seb	P-valuec	P (df = 2)	Gene description	Associated human diseasesa
cg01422136	ZCCHC10	−0.08 ± 0.13; −0.68 ± 0.14	0.51; 7.80 × 10−7	1.81 × 10−6	zinc finger, CCHC domain containing 10	Not found
cg24849648	WNT16	0.14 ± 0.13; −0.48 ± 0.14	0.27; 5.98 × 10−4	8.38 × 10−5	wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 16	Multiple cancers [Manoukian and Woodgett, 2002]; Bone Mineral density [Zheng et al., 2012]; Diabetic Kidney Disease
cg00400028	ACPL2	0.56 ± 0.13; 0.19 ± 0.14	1.69 × 10−5; 0.17	8.79 × 10−5	acid phosphatase-like 2	Not found
cg18175410	C18orf8	−0.21 ± 0.13; −0.60 ± 0.14	0.10; 2.47 × 10−5	1.35 × 10−4	Chromosome 18 open reading frame 8	Chronic pancreatic; pancreatic cancer
cg11213150	ANGPTL2	−0.33 ± 0.13; −0.55 ± 0.14	0.01; 8.87 × 10−5	2.81 × 10−4	Angiopoietin-like 2	Metastatic colorectal cancer
cg15785720	SAPCD2	−0.52 ± 0.13; −0.16 ± 0.14	8.66 × 10−5; 0.24	4.06 × 10−4	Suppressor APC domain containing 2	Gastric cancer [Xu et al., 2007]
cg17644208	ADCY3	0.27 ± 0.13; 0.55 ± 0.14	0.04; 9.33 × 10−5	4.29 × 10−4	Adenylate cyclase 3	Breast cancer
cg25584626	PRR16	−0.38 ± 0.18; −0.89 ± 0.19	0.03; 7.28 × 10−6	3.60 × 10−5	proline rich 16	Coronary Artery Disease
cg19752722	ERBB2	−0.57 ± 0.18; −0.78 ± 0.19	1.63 × 10−3; 6.90 × 10−5	7.25 × 10−5	v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2	Multiple cancers; Cardiovascular Disease [Wadugu and Kuhn, 2012]
cg01840268	BTN3A1	−0.60 ± 0.18; −0.78 ± 0.19	1.10 × 10−3; 9.00 × 10−5	7.10 × 10−5	butyrophilin, subfamily 3, member A1	Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Huntington’s Disease; Rett Syndrome
cg20312475	GPRC5B	−0.32 ± 0.18; −0.85 ± 0.20	0.08; 2.69 × 10−5	1.41 × 10−4	G protein-coupled receptor, family C, group 5, member B	Not found
cg25462291	HEYL	−0.49 ± 0.18; −0.78 ± 0.19	6.86 × 10−3; 9.51 × 10−5	1.94 × 10−4	Hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif-like	Not found
cg03271651	POGZ	−0.42 ± 0.18; −0.82 ± 0.20	0.02; 5.28 × 10−5	1.95 × 10−4	Pogo transposable element with ZNF domain	Not found
cg19585196	GSG2	−0.04 ± 0.18; −0.79 ± 0.20	0.83; 8.78 × 10−5	2.13 × 10−4	Germ cell associated 2	Not found
cg03732056	DOK2	−0.32 ± 0.18; −0.81 ± 0.19	0.07; 4.62 × 10−5	2.29 × 10−4	Docking protein 2	Lung cancer [Berger et al., 2010]
cg06874144	CAB39	0.75 ± 0.18; 0.24 ± 0.19	4.54 × 10−5; 0.21	2.32 × 10−4	Calcium binding protein 39	Huntington’s Disease
cg04062907	ANAPC7	−0.36 ± 0.18; −0.80 ± 0.20	0.05; 6.52 × 10−5	2.86 × 10−4	Anaphase promoting complex subunit 7	Not found
cg15645605	MRPL35	−0.19 ± 0.18; −0.78 ± 0.19	0.30; 8.64 × 10−5	4.07 × 10−4	Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L35	Not found
cg20122491	ZFP95	−0.19 ± 0.18; −0.79 ± 0.20	0.30; 9.29 × 10−5	4.36 × 10−4	Zinc finger with KRAB and SCAN domains 5	Not found
cg14674582	PLAC1	−0.12 ± 0.18; −0.80 ± 0.19	0.53; 5.08 × 10−5	1.20 × 10−4	placenta-specific 1	Multiple cancers and Preeclampsia [Fant et al., 2010]

^aGenes were identified from the overall sample (ZCCHC10, WNT16, ACPL2, C18orf8, ANGPTL2, SAPCD2, ADCY3), boys (PRR16, ERBB2, BTN3A1, GPRC5B, HEYL, POGZ, GSG2, DOK2, CAB39, ANAPC7, MRPL35, ZFP95), and girls (PLAC1).

^bLinear regression coefficient estimate ± se after adjustment of maternal age and infant gender (only for overall sample). The estimates are presented in order for overweight (25 kg/ m² ≤BMI <30 kg/m²) vs. reference group (BMI <25 kg/m²) and obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m²) vs. reference group (BMI <25 kg/m2), respectively.

^cP-values are presented in order for overweight (25 kg/m² = < BMI <30 kg/m²) vs. reference group (BMI <25 kg/m²) and obese (BMI > = 30 kg/m²) vs. reference group (BMI <25 kg/m²), respectively.

^dFrom Ingenuity Knowledge Base and PubMed search; gene expression or protein levels or genetic polymorphisms are associated with diseases in humans. ~150 references for the gene ERBB2 according to Ingenuity Knowledge Base.