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. 2015 May 22;61(4):341–350. doi: 10.1262/jrd.2014-173

Fig. 9.

Fig. 9.

Expression of a tight junction sealing protein, Claudin-4, in pig parthenogenetically activated diploids under inhibition of OGA activity. Diploids were cultured in PZM3 with 0 (a) and 300 µM PUGNAc from 4 to 120 h after electrostimulation (c and d). The control showed normal development to the morula and blastocyst stages, while most of the PUGNAc-treated diploids showed developmental delay and cessation at 120 h. Diploids with normal development to the 5–8 cell stage in the control group at 72 h were also analyzed to compare the Claudin-4 expression pattern with that of diploids that showed developmental delay caused by PUGNAc treatment (b). Blastocysts showed clear cell-boundary localization of Caludin-4 (a, green) in the control group. A small number of morulae in the PUGNAc-treated group also showed the cell-boundary localization of Claudin-4 (c; green), but the signal was generally partial or weak. Diploids before compaction did not show any boundary localization of Claudin-4 in the PUGNAc-treated group (d), and the expression pattern was similar to that of normally developed 5-cell diploids before compaction in the control group. All diploids were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Diploids were observed under an epifluorescence microscope. Scale bar = 50 µm.