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. 2015 Aug 25;8(10):38. doi: 10.1007/s12410-015-9356-7

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© The Author(s) 2015

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 5 — Example of hemielliptic PISA analysis in the same patient presented in Fig. 4 using 3D analysis software (Qlab 9.0, Philips Medical Systems). Hemielliptic PISA calculation is based on the three dimensions of PISA radius indicated as measurement D1 = 1.13 cm in the top left panel (long-axis LVOT view), narrow PISA width (D2 = 1.14 cm; top left panel), and broad PISA length (D3 = 2.12 cm; 2-chamber view top right). PISA calculated using the hemielliptic formula described in the text results at 5.26 cm². EROA calculated with Nyquist velocity of 30.8 cm/s and MR velocity of 420 cm/s results at 0.39 cm². LVOT left ventricular outflow tract