TABLE 2.
Concentrations | Baseline study | 6 wk study | 12 wk study | P2 | Post hoc comparisons |
Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 9.8 ± 1.3 | 5.9 ± 0.2 | 6.2 ± 0.3 | <1 × 10−4 | BL > (6 wk = 12 wk) |
Peak postprandial glucose, mmol/L | 14.9 ± 1.4 | 11.0 ± 0.4 | 10.9 ± 0.5 | <1 × 10−4 | BL > (6 wk = 12 wk) |
AAB glucose, mmol/L × 6 h | 197 ± 101 | 186 ± 68 | 160 ± 38 | 0.28 | NA |
Fasting insulin, pmol/L | 89 ± 13 | 51 ± 11 | 51 ± 11 | <1 × 10−4 | BL > (6wk = 12 wk) |
Peak postprandial insulin, pmol/L | 369 ± 120 | 325 ± 66 | 310 ± 74 | 0.97 | NA |
AAB insulin, nmol/L × 6 h | 29.5 ± 8.9 | 29.5 ± 6.2 | 23.8 ± 5.4 | 0.69 | NA |
Fasting C-peptide, nmol/L | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | <1 × 10−4 | BL > (6 wk = 12 wk) |
Peak postprandial C-peptide, nmol/L | 3.5 ± 0.5 | 3.7 ± 0.5 | 3.5 ± 0.3 | 0.40 | NA |
AAB C-peptide, nmol/L × 6 h | 296 ± 20 | 402 ± 48 | 339 ± 32 | 0.19 | NA |
Fasting glucagon, ng/L | 91 ± 12 | 71 ± 10 | 71 ± 9 | 0.02 | BL > (6 wk = 12 wk) |
Peak postprandial glucagon, ng/L | 107 ± 12 | 95 ± 9 | 96 ± 10 | 0.19 | NA |
AAB glucagon, μg/L × 6 h | 0.7 ± 1.0 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 3.8 ± 0.6 | 0.006 | BL < (6 wk = 12 wk) |
Values are means ± SEMs, n = 9 except at 12 wk, n = 8. AAB, area above basal; BL, baseline; NA, not applicable.
Determined by repeated-measures ANOVA.