Table 4. Findings from case-control studies of soft tissue sarcoma.

Reference	Exposure	Factors of adjustment	No. of exposed cases	OR	95%CI	Comments
Hardell et al 1979 [5]	Phenoxyacetic acids for >1 day, >5 years before tumour diagnosis		13	5.3	2.4-11.5	Matching dissolved in analysis.
Eriksson et al 1981 [6]	Phenoxy acids for >1 day, >5 years before tumour diagnosis		14	6.8	2.6-17.3	Matching dissolved in analysis.
Greenwald et al 1984 [43]	Agent Orange, dioxin or 2,4,5-T		7	0.70	0.17-2.92
Hoar et al 1986 [44]	Herbicides (including 2,4-D)	Age	22	0.9	0.5-1.6
Vineis et al 1986 [46]	“Definite” exposure to phenoxy acids	Age, therapeutic X-rays, smoking	4	2.70	0.59-12.37 (90% CI)	Risk estimate is derived from living women. Among living men, 0 cases and 2 controls were exposed. Controls may not have been fully representative of source population because some municipalities and electoral offices did not respond.
Smith and Pearce 1986 [47]	Probable or definite exposure to phenoxy herbicides for >1 day >5 years before registration	Decade of birth, interview with subject or next of kin, phase of study	23	1.1	0.7-1.8 (90% CI)
Woods et al 1987 [50]	Phenoxy herbicides (high)	Age		0.89	0.4-1.9
Smith and Christophers 1992 [59]	Exposure to phenoxy herbicides for ≥1 day >5 years before diagnosis (for controls, diagnosis of matched case)	Sex, age, area of residence		1.3	0.4-4.1
Kogevinas et al 1995 [61]	High cumulative exposure to phenoxy acids	Sex, age and country	5	11.96	(1.03-701.9)	Overlaps Kogevinas et al 1997 [22] and Lynge 1998 [31].
Pahwa et al 2011 [75]	Use of phenoxy herbicides at work, in garden or for hobby	Age, province, history of measles, rheumatoid arthritis, infectious mononucleosis, whooping cough or cancer in a first degree relative	80	1.09	(0.81-1.48)