Table 1.
Data of the patients included in the study.
| Gender/ age (years) | Location/size longest axis (cm) | Embolization Materials | Embolization acute/Elective | Complications comments | Follow-up | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | F/54 | Left central/7 | Coils | Acute, hemodynamically instable; one-third of left kidney embolized | 10 years, MRI 2 cm, left/right 39/61% | Normal kidney function | |
| 2 | F/55 | Right/3 | Covered stent | Elective, 4 months; one-third of right kidney embolized | Perirenal hematoma – no primary intervention; aneurysm right renal artery; high BMI | 5.5 years, MRI 2.5 cm, left/right 62/38% | Normal kidney function |
| 3 | F/34 | Left upper pole/10 | Coils | Acute, hemodynamically instable; one-quarter of left kidney embolized | Spontaneous bleeding, transfusions during transportation | 2.5 years, CT 6 cm, left/right 48/52%, nephrectomy | One kidney lost – normal kidney function |
| 4 | F/44 | Right posterior/12 | Coils + plug | Elective, 3 months, embolization of whole right kidney | Discovered incidentally, asymptomatic, high BMI | 2.5 years MRI 2.5 cm, kidney size: left/right 11.4/5.2 cm, technical failure | One kidney lost – normal kidney function |
| 5 | F/54 | Right lateral/4 | Coils | Elective, 5 days, one-third of right kidney embolized | No ongoing bleeding during angiography, two renal arteries | 2.5 years, MRI 1.5, left/right 63/37% | Normal kidney function |
| 6 | M/81 | Left lower pole/4 | Coils | Acute, hemodynamically instable, one-third of left kidney embolized | Congenital single kidney, supplementary embolization of lumbar artery | 2.5 years, dead because of lymphoma, no relation to AML, clinical failure | Normal kidney function |
| 7 | M/75 | Left lower pole/2 | Coils | Acute, hemodynamically instable, one-third of left kidney embolized | After coronary angiography and PCI perirenal bleeding, BMI 34 | 2 weeks, dead after CABG for cardiac reasons, no relation to AML | Normal kidney function |
| 8 | F/74 | Right upper pole/10 | Coils | Acute, hemodynamically instable, one-third of right kidney embolized | Post embolization: hemodialysis and inflammation CRP >400, bladder pressure up to 22 mmHg; slow, but complete recovery | CT no bleeding after 3 days, acute nephrectomy after 1 month because of infected hematoma and re-bleeding, clinical failure | One kidney lost –normal kidney function |