Table 1.
Participant characteristics for demographics, exercise, health, adverse life events and lifetime incidence of psychological disorders.
| Characteristics | All (n = 395) | Women (n = 219) | Men (n = 176) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 29.42 (8.95) | 29.5 (9.2) | 29.4 (8.7) |
| Ethnicity (% Caucasian) | 64.2 | 61.1 | 68.1 |
| Ethnicity (% African American) | 26.1 | 23.6 | 19.2 |
| Ethnicity (% Asian) | 4.6 | 4.4 | 5.0 |
| Race (% Hispanic; Latino/Latina) | 7.3 | 8.3 | 6.0 |
| Education (% ≥12 grade) | 85.3 | 86.3 | 84.1 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.28 (5.61) | 27.30 (5.83) | 27.24 (5.34) |
| Smoker (%) | 20.0 | 19.0 | 21.0 |
| Smokers: cigarettes/day | 9.01 (7.00) | 9.59 (7.11) | 8.32 (6.92) |
| Exercise frequencya | 2.32 (1.50) | 2.29 (1.49) | 2.36 (1.51) |
| Exercise duration (min)a | 43.60 (18.26) | 42.83 (17.94) | 44.55 (18.70) |
| Exercise min/weekb | 114.11 (83.02) | 110.11 (81.21) | 119.16 (85.43) |
| Cornell Medical: Total | 16.39 (14.92) | 19.34 (16.20) | 12.73 (12.25)*** |
| Cornell Medical: Physical | 10.76 (9.20) | 12.37 (9.99) | 8.77 (7.69)*** |
| Cornell Medical: Cardiovascularc | 0.94 (1.34) | 1.12 (1.46) | 0.71 (1.13)* |
| Cornell Medical: Musculoskeletalc | 0.31 (0.78) | 0.37 (0.86) | 0.24 (0.67) |
| Cornell Medical: Psychological | 5.68 (7.18) | 3.94 (5.65) | 7.07 (7.95)*** |
| CALEd | 10.70 (6.43) | 10.92 (6.62) | 10.46 (6.21) |
| MLE | 2.09 (1.77) | 2.32 (1.90) | 1.79 (1.55)** |
| Traumatic events | 5.83 (4.02) | 5.64 (3.75) | 6.07 (4.32) |
| RLE | 2.78 (2.45) | 2.95 (2.60) | 2.57 (2.24) |
| Lifetime mood disorder | 15.8 | 19.1 | 11.5* |
| Lifetime anxiety disordere | 3.2 | 4.8 | 1.1* |
| Lifetime eating disorderf | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Lifetime alcohol or drug dependence | 10.0 | 8.7 | 11.5 |
Values represent mean (SD) or percent of n.
a
Transformed values (see text for category values)
b
value is computed score derived from frequency and duration
c
subset of the physical health complaints portion of the Cornell Medical Index
d
total adverse events = sum of events subscales, which are standardized values
e
includes post-traumatic stress disorder
f
includes anorexia, bulimia and eating disorders not otherwise specified (including binging).
Gender differences assessed using Student's t-tests for continuous data and χ2 for categorical data
***
p < 0.0001
**
p < 0.001
*
p < 0.01.