Table 2.
HEALD baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Intervention (n =102) | Active control (n = 96) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n or mean (% or SD) | n or mean (% or SD) | p value | |
| Age (years) | 58.0 (8.2) | 61.3 (8.4) | 0.007 |
| Sex (% female) | 46 (48 %) | 54 (54 %) | 0.4 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34.6 (6.5) | 32.5 (6.5) | 0.04 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 112.5 (14.9) | 108.7 (15.4) | 0.09 |
| Weight (kg) | 98.7 (20.6) | 93.6 (20.8) | 0.1 |
| Resting heart rate (beats/minute) | 71.0 (10.9) | 70.7 (10.9) | 0.8 |
| 3-day pedometer steps | 16,761 (9238) | 19,075 (10,096) | 0.1 |
| Glycemic index | 52.3 (4.6) | 51.1 (4.6) | 0.1 |
| Glycemic load | 61.8 (15.3) | 57.7 (16.6) | 0.1 |
| Energy intake (kcals)a | 1318 (452) | 1252 (467) | 0.3 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 125.8 (16.6) | 125.4 (15.9) | 0.8 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 75.0 (8.7) | 76.9 (8.8) | 0.1 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.9 (1.2) | 6.6 (0.9) | 0.1 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.2 (0.7) | 2.4 (0.9) | 0.1 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.20 (0.5) | 0.7 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.2 (0.9) | 4.5 (1.0) | 0.1 |
| Education to less than high school level | 2 (1.9 %) | 4 (4.2 %) | 1.0 |
| Employed | 67 (65.7 %) | 55 (57.3 %) | 0.6 |
| White | 84 (82.3 %) | 78 (81.2 %) | 1.0 |
| Income (CAD) | |||
| < $40,000 | 26 (25.5 %) | 17 (17.7 %) | 0.8 |
| $40,000–$80,000 | 39 (38.2 %) | 58 (50 %) | |
| > $80,000 | 37 (36.3 %) | 31 (32.3 %) |
aEnergy in kilocalories estimated from food frequency questionnaires
BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, HbA1 c, glycosylated hemoglobin, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, CAD=Canadian Dollars