Table 1.
Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) therapies and proposed targets [Sharon et al. 1978; Horn et al. 1991; Poldosky 2002; Rousseaux et al. 2005; Stolfi et al. 2008; Terdiman et al. 2013; Marinkovic et al. 2014].
| Medications | Proposed cell mediator targets |
|---|---|
| Corticosteroids | COX-2, IL-1β, NF-κB, IL-1β, PG |
| Budesonide | |
| Hydrocortisone | |
| Methylprednisolone | |
| Prednisone | |
| Aminosalicylates | COX-2, IL-8, PPAR-γ, PG, leukotrienes, NF-κB, TNF-α |
| Balsalazide | |
| Mesalamine | |
| Olsalazine | |
| Sulfasalazine | |
| Immunomodulators | Chemokines, IL-8 |
| 6-Mercaptopurine | |
| Azathioprine | |
| Cyclosporine | |
| Methotrexate | |
| TNF-α inhibitors | TNF-α |
| Adalimumab | |
| Certolizumab pegol | |
| Golimumab | |
| Infliximab |
COX, cyclooxygenase; IL, interleukin; NF, nuclear factor; PG, prostaglandin; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.