Table 2.
Traffic-related exposure studies on COPD.
| Study | Date | Location | Pollutants | Subject/location | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Schikowski et al. [2005], Schikowski et al. [2010] | 1985–1994 | Rhine-Ruhr Basin (Germany) | PM10 | 4757 women living less than 100 m from a busy road | 4.5% prevalence of COPD |
| Pujades-Rodriguez et al. [2009] | 1991–2000 | Nottingham (UK) | NO2 | 2644 adults aged 18–70 living in close proximity to traffic | spirometry confirmed COPD |
| Andersen et al. [2011] | 1993–2006 | Denmark | NO2/NOx | 57,000 adults | incident COPD |
| Zanobetti et al. [2000] | 1986–1994 | 10 US cities | PM10 | adults aged >65 years living in a metropolitan county | 2.5% increase in hospital admissions for AECOPD |
| Dominici et al. [2006] | 1999–2002 | 204 US urban counties | PM2.5 | 11.5 million adults aged >65 years | risk of about 0.9% for COPD hospitalization |
| Medina-Ramon et al. [2006] | 1986–1999 | 36 US cities | PM10 | warm season | 1.47% increase in hospital admissions for AECOPD |
| Fusco et al. [2001] | 1995–1997 | Rome (Italy) | NO2 and O3 | residents of all ages and among children (0–14 years) | 4.3% increase in hospital admissions for AECOPD |
| Tao et al. [2014] | 2001–2005 | Lanzhou, China | PM10, SO2, NO2 | females and aged ⩾65 years | increases in hospital admissions for AECOPD |
AECOPD, acute exacerbation of COPD; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NOx, nitrogen oxides; PM, particulate matter.