Table 2. Psoriasis Patient Characteristicsa.
| Characteristic | Number (%) N=4,638 |
|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 68.6 (13.4) |
| Age (category) | |
| <65 | 1,237 (26.7) |
| 65–69 | 934 (20.1) |
| 70–74 | 912 (19.7) |
| 75–79 | 681 (14.7) |
| ≥80 | 874 (18.8) |
| Sex, male | 2,002 (43.2) |
| Race | |
| White | 4,118 (88.8) |
| Black | 236 (5.1) |
| Latino | 104 (2.2) |
| Other/Unknown | 180 (3.9) |
| Census Region | |
| Northeast | 1,113 (24.0) |
| Midwest | 1,069 (23.0) |
| South | 1,678 (36.2) |
| West | 770 (16.6) |
| County-Level Characteristics | |
| Income, per capita/10,000, mean (SD) | 4.0 (1.2) |
| County poverty rate,b mean (SD) | 15.5 (5.3) |
| Residence in Urban County | 3611 (78.2) |
| Residence in County with Low Educational Levelc | 520 (11.3) |
| Number of primary care providersd per 10,000 residents, mean (SD) | 6.3 (3.0) |
| Number of dermatologists per 100,000 residents, mean (SD) | 3.6 (3.6) |
| Medicare eligibility | |
| Aged | 2,952 (63.6) |
| Disabled | 1,237 (26.7) |
| Aged plus disabled | 449 (9.7) |
| Low-income subsidy (LIS) status | |
| Full | 1,838 (39.6) |
| Partial | 47 (1.0) |
| None | 2,709 (58.4) |
| Mixed | 44 (0.9) |
| Comorbidities | |
| AIDS/HIV | 18 (0.39) |
| Autoimmune disease | |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 74 (1.6) |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 55 (1.2) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 290 (6.3) |
| Rheumatologic disease | 382 (8.2) |
| Cardiometabolic disease | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 497 (10.7) |
| Congestive heart failure | 515 (11.1) |
| Diabetes | 1,503 (32.4) |
| Dyslipidemia | 2,776 (59.9) |
| Hypertension | 3,137 (67.6) |
| Myocardial infarction | 159 (3.4) |
| Obesity | 431 (9.3) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 636 (13.7) |
| Atherosclerotic outcomes (aggregate of cerebrovascular disease, myocardial infarction, and peripheral vascular disease) | 1,091 (23.5) |
| Hemiplegia or paraplegia | 49 (1.1) |
| Liver disease | |
| Mild liver disease | 208 (4.5) |
| Moderate to severe liver disease | 27 (0.58) |
| Malignant disease | |
| Cancer | 518 (11.2) |
| Metastatic solid tumor | 37 (0.80) |
| Neuropsychiatric disease | |
| Dementia | 134 (2.9) |
| Depression | 794 (17.1) |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 59 (1.3) |
| Psoriatic arthritis | 436 (9.4) |
| Pulmonary disease, chronic | 1,108 (23.9) |
| Renal disease | 455 (9.8) |
| Non-Psoriasis Medications | |
| Number of 30-day supply equivalent prescriptions for non-psoriasis medications, mean (SD) | 4.7 (3.4) |
| Type of Medicare Part D Plane | |
| Basic | 3,491 (75.3) |
| Enhanced | 879 (19.0) |
| Unknown | 268 (5.8) |
| RxHCC score, mean (SD) | 1.0 (0.6) |
AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; LIS, low-income subsidy; RxHCC, prescription drug hierarchical condition category risk score; SD, standard deviation.
Psoriasis is defined by at least two inpatient or outpatient claims for psoriasis (ICD-9-CM 696.1).
County poverty rate is defined as the percentage of persons in the county living in poverty.
County with low educational level is defined by at least 25% of residents not having a high school diploma or general educational development (GED) in the patient's county of residence.
Primary care providers included medical providers practicing in the fields of general family medicine, general practice, and general internal medicine.
Basic plans include defined standard benefit, actuarially equivalent standard, and basic alternative type of Part D plans. Enhanced plans include enhanced alternative type of Part D plans.