Fig. 1.

Adipose tissue IRAK-1 gene expression is significantly upregulated in obese non-diabetic/diabetic individuals. IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK)-1 gene expression in the subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsy samples collected from 49 non-diabetic (22 obese, 19 overweight, and 8 lean) and 42 type-2 diabetic (T2D) (31 obese, 9 overweight, and 2 lean) individuals was determined by real-time RT-PCR as described in “Patients and methods”. a IRAK-1 mRNA expression in non-diabetics was found to be significantly elevated in the adipose tissues of obese (P = 0.01) or overweight individuals (P = 0.04) as compared with lean counterparts. The increased IRAK-1 gene expression correlated positively with b body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.45; P = 0.001) and c body fat percentage (fat %) (r = 0.36; P = 0.01). d IRAK-1 mRNA expression in T2D patients was also found to be significantly elevated in the adipose tissues of obese (P = 0.012) as compared with lean subjects. However, IRAK-1 gene expression did not correlate with e BMI (r = 0.12; P = 0.46) and f fat % (r = 0.18; P = 0.26). Due to missing fat % data in non-diabetics and diabetics, 3 each, respective individuals had to be eliminated from IRAK-1 correlation analysis with fat %