Table 1.

Summary of parameters used in the numerical simulations.

quantity	symbol	units	value(s)
density of the gas core (air)	ρG	kg m−3	1.24
density of the coating liquid (isoparaffin)	ρo	kg m−3	700
density of the nanoparticles (Fe3O4)	ρnp	kg m−3	5100
effective volumetric susceptibility of the nanoparticles	χ	units	0.85
volume fraction	α	—	0.1
density of the surrounding liquid (plasma)	ρL	kg m−3	1025
viscosity of the surrounding liquid	μL	Pa s	0.0015
acceleration due to gravity	g	m s−2	9.81
permeability of free space	μ0	T m A−1	1.26 × 10−6
magnetic field gradient product	[(B.∇)B]y	T2 m−1	18
gas core radius	R1	M	1–2 × 10−6
coating thickness	R2–R1	m	5 × 10−8
vessel inner diameter	Dv	m	1–6 × 10−3
flow rate	QL	m3 s−1	1–4 × 10−6
length of magnet	Lm	m	0.05