Tab. I.
Preoperative, perioperative and postoperative clinical patients’ characteristics: comparison of the control group and melatonin group
| Control group Total (n = 250) | Melatonin group Total (n = 250) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD [SEM] | 65.2 ± 10.3 [0.65] | 64.3 ± 10.1 [0.64] | 0.211 |
| < 50 | 19 (7.6%) | 17 (6.8%) | |
| 50-70 | 146 (58.4%) | 165 (66.0%) | |
| > 70 | 85 (34.0%) | 68 (27.2%) | |
| Men | 171 (68.4%) | 179 (71.6%) | 0.378 |
| Women | 79 (31.6%) | 71 (28.4%) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 77 (30.8%) | 84 (33.6%) | 0.502 |
| Arterial hypertension | 229 (91.6%) | 224 (89.6%) | 0.443 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 187 (74.8%) | 192 (76.8%) | 0.601 |
| Smoking | 88 (35.2%) | 101 (40.4%) | 0.267 |
| Alcoholism | 26 (10.2%) | 13 (5.2%) | 0.030 |
| Psychiatric disorder in the medical history | 22 (8.8%) | 14 (5.6%) | 0.115 |
| EuroSCORE II (%), mean ± SD [SEM] | 2.63 ± 2.65 [0.17] | 2.86 ± 2.83 [0.18] | 0.489 |
| Low risk < 1.6 | 106 (42.4%) | 92 (36.8%) | |
| Moderate risk 1.6-6.7 | 124 (49.6%) | 137 (54.8%) | |
| High risk > 6.7 | 20 (8.0%) | 21 (8.4%) | |
| Operation type | |||
| CABG | 104 (41.6%) | 120 (48.0%) | 0.524 |
| AVR | 50 (20.0%) | 50 (20.0%) | 0.290 |
| MVR | 20 (8.0%) | 15 (6.0%) | 0.162 |
| CABG + AVR | 27 (10.8%) | 18 (7.2%) | 0.363 |
| CABG + MVR | 8 (3.2%) | 8 (3.2%) | 1 |
| AVR + MVR | 4 (1.6%) | 3 (1.2%) | 0.146 |
| AVR + MVR + CABG | 3 (1.2%) | 1 (0.4%) | 1 |
| OPCAB | 32 (12.8%) | 24 (9.6%) | 0.317 |
| Other (ASD, myxoma) | 2 (0.8%) | 11 (4.4%) | 0.002 |
| ACC (min), mean ± SD [SEM] | 55.11 ± 38.61 [2.44] | 49.47 ± 30.73 [1.94] | 0.090 |
| ≤ 60 | 101 (40.4%) | 183 (73.2%) | |
| > 60 | 149 (59.6%) | 67 (26.8%) | |
| CPB (min), mean ± SD [SEM] | 72.90 ± 45.46 [2.87] | 66.93 ± 36.87 [2.33] | 0.001 |
| ≤ 120 | 232 (92.8%) | 228 (91.2%) | |
| > 120 | 18 (7.2%) | 22 (8.8%) | |
| Sufentanil (mg), mean ± SD [SEM] | 0.15 ± 0.03 [0.002] | 0.15 ± 0.03 [0.002] | 0.286 |
| ≤ 0.15 | 178 (71.2%) | 190 (76.0%) | |
| > 0.15 | 72 (28.8%) | 60 (24.0%) | |
| Benzodiazepines (mg), mean ± SD [SEM] | 4.73 ± 2.86 [0.18] | 3.52 ± 3.30 [0.21] | 0.116 |
| ≤ 5 | 217 (86.8%) | 228 (91.2%) | |
| > 5 | 33 (13.2%) | 22 (8.8%) | |
| Mechanical ventilation (hours), mean ± SD [SEM] | 3.70 ± 2.39 [0.15] | 3.85 ± 3.57 [0.22] | 0.033 |
| ICU stay (days), mean ± SD [SEM] | 4.62 ± 3.47 [0.22] | 4.22 ± 2.99 [0.19] | 0.001 |
| ≤ 3 | 126 (50.4%) | 125 (50.0%) | |
| > 3 | 124 (49.6%) | 125 (50.0%) | |
| Hospitalization (days), mean ± SD [SEM] | 10.84 ± 6.85 [0.43] | 9.54 ± 3.89 [0.25] | 0.001 |
| ≤ 10 | 180 (72.0%) | 197 (78.8%) | |
| > 10 | 70 (28.0%) | 53 (21.2%) |
SD – standard deviation, SEM – standard error of the mean, CABG – coronary artery bypass graft surgery, AVR – aortic valve replacement, MVR – mitral valve replacement, OPCAB –off-pump coronary artery bypass, ASD – atrial septal defect, ACC – aortic cross-clamping, CPB – cardio-pulmonary bypass, ICU – intensive care unit