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. 2015 Jul 31;7(4):1759091415593294. doi: 10.1177/1759091415593294

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© The Author(s) 2015

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 3. — Transcriptional activation of ARE and HSE. Retinal pigment epithelial ARPE-19 cells were plated at 1 × 10⁵ cells/cm², incubated for 24 hr, and then transfected with DNAs (ARE- or HSE-luciferase construct). After a 5-hr incubation in serum-containing medium, the medium was changed to serum-free medium containing vehicle (DMSO) versus D1 or D3 (5 µM or 10 µM). Cell lysates were obtained after 24 hr incubation and subjected to the luciferase assay. Values are the mean ± SD; *p < .05. ARE = antioxidant response element; HSE = heat-shock factor response element; ARPE = human apical retinal pigment epithelial cell line; DMSO = dimethylsulfoxide.