Table 4. Predictors of recurrent PSS from log-rank analysis.
| Variable | p value |
|---|---|
| Age, (<74) | 0.05 |
| Sex (male/female) | 0.66 |
| Cerebral infarction | 0.85 |
| Intracerebral hemorrhage | 0.47 |
| Localization of lesion | |
| Cortical | 0.029 |
| Frontal | 0.003 |
| Temporal | 0.72 |
| Parietal | 0.32 |
| Occipital | 0.91 |
| Traumatic brain injury | 0.39 |
| Neurosurgical intervention | 0.78 |
| Dementia | 0.42 |
| Previous seizure † | 0.032 |
| mRS at discharge (3–5) | 0.031 |
| Stroke risk factors | |
| Hypertension | 0.27 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.09 |
| Dyslipidemia | 0.07 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0.10 |
| Drinking alcohol | 0.93 |
| Smoking | 0.83 |
| EEG findings | |
| Focal or lateralized slowing | 0.46 |
| Epileptiform discharge | 0.72 |
| MRI findings | |
| DWI high intensity lesion after PSS | 0.69 |
| Modified Fazekas Scale (0-1/2-3) | 0.22 |
| Clinical features on admission | |
| Convulsion | 0.05 |
| Todd paralysis | 0.66 |
| Concomitant AEDs | |
| VPA monotherapy | 0.013 |
| CBZ monotherapy | 0.22 |
| PHT monotherapy | 0.15 |
| Polytherapy | 0.043 |
| None or discontinuation | 0.17 |
Abbreviations: PSS, post-stroke seizures; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; EEG, electroencephalogram; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; DWI, diffusion weighted imaging; AEDs, antiepileptic drugs; VPA, valproic acid; CBZ, carbamazepine; PHT, phenytoin.
†Previous seizure: history of at least one episode of seizure when enrolled in this study.