Table 1. Patient demographics.
| Overall (n = 541) | standardized differences overall vs AKI | AKI (n = 21) | standardized differences (AKI vs control) | Control (n = 21) | p-value (AKI vs control) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 66 ± 9.6 | 0.52 | 71 ± 8.4 | 0.47 | 68 ± 8.7 | 0.15 |
| Height (cm) | 173 ± 9 | -0.35 | 170 ± 10 | 0.10 | 169 ± 10 | 0.87 |
| Weight (kg) | 82 ± 13 | 0.75 | 83 ± 14 | 0.21 | 80 ± 14 | 0.46 |
| Male (n (%)) | 400 (74) | -0.13 | 14 (67) | 0.25 | 11 (52) | 0.53 |
| EuroSCORE | 4.4 ± 3.1 | 0.94 | 7.3 ± 4.3 | 0.44 | 5.7 ± 3.3 | 0.18 |
| Coexisting illness (%) | ||||||
| Myocardial infarction | 24 | 0.00 | 24 | 0.10 | 20 | 1.00 |
| PCI | 12 | 0.15 | 19 | 0.18 | 15 | 1.00 |
| Hypertension | 48 | 0.02 | 48 | -0.15 | 60 | 0.76 |
| Stroke | 5 | 0.12 | 9 | 0.13 | 5 | 1.00 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 12 | 0.34 | 28 | 0.30 | 14 | 0.45 |
| Diabetes | 24 | 0.18 | 33 | 0.17 | 25 | 0.73 |
| COPD | 13 | 0.05 | 14 | 0.00 | 15 | 1.00 |
| Medication (%) | ||||||
| Aspirin <3 day | 51 | -0.29 | 52 | 0.08 | 48 | 0.95 |
| Beta blocker | 69 | -0.03 | 67 | 0.00 | 67 | 1.00 |
| Calcium-antagonist | 28 | 0.17 | 38 | 0.00 | 38 | 1.00 |
| ACE inhibitor | 40 | 0.46 | 67 | 0.59 | 33 | 0.06 |
| Preoperative data | ||||||
| Hemoglobin (mmol/L) | 7.6 ± 0.9 | -0.67 | 7.0 ± 0.9 | 0.00 | 7.0 ± 0.7 | 0.94 |
| Platelets (x10 9 /L) | 205 ± 57 | 0.09 | 210 ± 101 | 0.13 | 220 ± 54 | 0.72 |
| Creatinine (mmol/L) | 87 ± 27 | 0.11 | 90 ± 28 | 0.00 | 90 ± 26 | 0.98 |
| Cockroft (mL/min) | 89 ± 28 | -0.38 | 79 ± 26 | 0.00 | 78 ± 26 | 0.96 |
| Procedures | ||||||
| CABG (n (%)) | 338 (62) | 10 (48) | 13 (62) | |||
| Valve (n (%)) | 134 (25) | 5 (24) | 6 (29) | |||
| CABG + valve (n (%)) | 69 (13) | 6 (29) | 2 (9) | |||
| CPB management | ||||||
| Aortic cross-clamp (min) | 66 ± 28 | 0.50 | 80 ± 30 | 0.24 | 73 ± 28 | 0.44 |
| CPB time (min) | 103 ± 42 | 0.45 | 122 ± 42 | 0.06 | 119 ± 53 | 0.83 |
| Hemoglobin CPB (mmol/L) | 4.9 ± 0.74 | -0.68 | 4.4 ± 0.60 | -0.16 | 4.5 ± 0.63 | 0.63 |
PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting, CPB: cardiopulmonary bypass. Data are presented as mean ± SD or as a percentage where indicated. Standardized differences are shown between the whole patient group (overall) and the patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), and between AKI and a matched control group (control). P-values are given for AKI versus control group.