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. 2015 Sep;107:159–173. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.06.008

Table A17.

Factors influencing the flee frequency in the pair condition tests

Model terms Estimate SE z Pr(>|z|) df F P Variance SD
Species 1,35 2.99 0.09
 Dogs vs Wolves −1.407 0.457 −3.078 0.002
Species*Rank distance 1,136 2.29 0.13
Rank distance −0.217 0.164 −1.327 0.185 1,131 1.18 0.28
Species*Age 1,24 5.520 0.030
 Dogs' Age −0.004 0.038 −0.113 0.910 1,71 0.09 0.80
 Wolves' Age 0.080 0.040 2.011 0.044 1, 9 3.60 0.09
Age 0.026 0.029 0.867 0.386 1,25 1.73 0.20
Species*Siblings 1,146 2.22 0.14
Siblings 1,144 1.47 0.23
 No vs Yes 0.139 0.324 0.428 0.669
Subject (random) 0.274 0.524
Partner (random) 0.189 0.436
Object (random) 1.265 1.125
Test order (random) 0.039 0.197

GLMM statistic. Significant P values in bold.