Table A7.
The influence of species and test condition on the manipulation time
| Model terms | Estimate | SE | t | df | F | P | Variance | SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Species*Test condition | 2,137 | 1.01 | 0.37 | |||||
| Species | 1,27 | 3.43 | 0.07 | |||||
| Dogs vs Wolves | −0.676 | 0.365 | −1.851 | |||||
| Test condition | 2,25 | 5.330 | 0.010 | |||||
| Alone vs Pair | −1.449 | 0.496 | −2.920 | |||||
| Pack vs Pair | 0.351 | 0.389 | 0.902 | |||||
| Subject (random) | 0.510 | 0.714 | ||||||
| Object (random) | 0.495 | 0.703 | ||||||
| Test order (random) | 0.085 | 0.292 | ||||||
| Residuals (random) | 1.584 | 1.259 |
LME statistic: model transformation to fit normal distribution of residuals: log(x); Shapiro–Wilk test: W = 0.99, P = 0.06. Significant P and t values in bold.