Analysis of hepatic AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway in wild-type and AAV mice. (A) Quantification of hepatic mRNA for AMPK-α1, AMPK-α2, SIRT1 and PGC-1α by real-time RT–PCR. The data represent the mean ± SEM for 12-week-old wild-type (n = 12) and AAV (n = 11) mice and for 70–90-week-old wild-type (n = 22) and AAV (n = 22) mice. (B) Western-blot analysis of hepatic AMPK, p-AMPK-T172, SIRT1, PGC-1α or β-actin in wild-type and AAV mice and quantification of protein levels by densitometric analysis. The data represent the mean ± SEM of seven separate replicas of western blots. (C) Western-blot analysis of hepatic mitochondrial ETC chain in 70–90-week-old wild-type and AAV mice and quantification of protein levels by densitometric analysis. The data represent the mean ± SEM of seven separate replicas of western blots. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.005.