Fig. 5.

Ligand-induced arrestin recruitment kinetics. (A and C) Quantified time-to-peak for arrestin recruitment show that SCH 221,510 recruits both arrestins significantly more slowly than either nociceptin or MCOPPB. (B and D) Representative time traces showing temporal recruitment of arrestin by each ligand. Nociceptin and MCOPPB share similar time-to-peak recruitment, whereas SCH 221,510 exhibits a more shallow slope. All points are mean ± S.E.M. (***P ≤ 0.001, ****P ≤ 0.0001, one-way analysis of variance, Tukey’s least significant difference post-hoc test, n = 3–6, triplicate samples).