Table 3.
Associated injuries of adolescent and adult motorcycle riders
| Motorcycle accident | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adolescent N = 635 | Adult N = 1566 | Odds Ratio (95%CI) | p | |
| Head trauma, n(%) | ||||
| Neurologic deficit | 6(0.9) | 20(1.3) | 0.7(0.30–1.85) | 0.513 |
| Cranial fracturea | 89(14.0) | 146(9.3) | 1.6(1.20–2.10) | 0.001 |
| Epidural hematoma (EDH) | 13(2.0) | 24(1.5) | 1.3(0.68–2.65) | 0.395 |
| Subdural hematoma (SDH) | 34(5.4) | 79(5.0) | 1.1(0.71–1.61) | 0.766 |
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) | 40(6.3) | 134(8.6) | 0.7(0.50–1.04) | 0.075 |
| Intracerebral hematoma (ICH) | 12(1.9) | 25(1.6) | 1.2(0.59–2.38) | 0.628 |
| Cerebral contusion | 29(4.6) | 72(4.6) | 1.0(0.64–1.54) | 0.975 |
| Cervical vertebral fracture | 2(0.3) | 14(0.9) | 0.4(0.08–1.55) | 0.147 |
| Maxillofacial trauma, n(%) | ||||
| Maxillary fracture | 65(10.2) | 182(11.6) | 0.9(0.64–1.17) | 0.351 |
| Mandibular fracturea | 47(7.4) | 52(3.3) | 2.3(1.55–3.49) | 0.000 |
| Orbital fracture | 28(4.4) | 54(3.4) | 1.3(0.81–2.06) | 0.281 |
| Nasal fracture | 13(2.0) | 29(1.9) | 1.1(0.57–2.15) | 0.761 |
| Thoracic trauma, n(%) | ||||
| Rib fracture+ | 9(1.4) | 183(11.7) | 0.1(0.06–0.21) | 0.000 |
| Hemothorax+ | 5(0.8) | 39(2.5) | 0.3(0.12–0.79) | 0.010 |
| Pneumothorax | 17(2.7) | 30(1.9) | 1.4(0.77–2.57) | 0.263 |
| Lung contusion | 7(1.1) | 24(1.5) | 0.7(0.31–1.67) | 0.438 |
| Hemopneumothorax | 9(1.4) | 26(1.7) | 0.9(0.40–1.83) | 0.680 |
| Thoracic vertebral fracture | 1(0.2) | 15(1.0) | 0.2(0.02–1.24) | 0.053 |
| Abdominal trauma, n(%) | ||||
| Intra-abdominal injury | 21(3.3) | 33(2.1) | 1.6(0.91–2.77) | 0.099 |
| Hepatic injurya | 32(5.0) | 32(2.0) | 2.5(1.55–4.19) | 0.000 |
| Splenic injury | 13(2.0) | 29(1.9) | 1.1(0.57–2.15) | 0.761 |
| Retroperitoneal injury | 1(0.2) | 4(0.3) | 0.6(0.07–5.52) | 0.662 |
| Renal injury | 6(0.9) | 7(0.4) | 2.1(0.71–6.35) | 0.167 |
| Urinary bladder injury | 2(0.3) | 4(0.3) | 1.2(0.23–6.75) | 0.808 |
| Lumbar vertebral fracture | 4(0.6) | 24(1.5) | 0.4(0.14–1.18) | 0.087 |
| Sacral vertebral fracture | 4(0.6) | 12(0.8) | 0.8(0.26–2.56) | 0.733 |
| Extremity trauma, n(%) | ||||
| Scapular fracture+ | 7(1.1) | 47(3.0) | 0.4(0.16–0.80) | 0.009 |
| Clavicle fracture+ | 41(6.5) | 273(17.4) | 0.3(0.23–0.46) | 0.000 |
| Humeral fracture+ | 19(3.0) | 86(5.5) | 0.5(0.32–0.88) | 0.013 |
| Radial fracture | 59(9.3) | 150(9.6) | 1.0(0.71–1.33) | 0.835 |
| Ulnar fracture | 26(4.1) | 68(4.3) | 0.9(0.59–1.49) | 0.794 |
| Femoral fracturea | 107(16.9) | 126(8.0) | 2.3(1.76–3.05) | 0.000 |
| Patella fracture | 21(3.3) | 45(2.9) | 1.2(0.68–1.96) | 0.589 |
| Tibia fracture | 60(9.4) | 117(7.5) | 1.3(0.93–1.79) | 0.122 |
| Fibular fracture | 43(6.8) | 94(6.0) | 1.1(0.78–1.65) | 0.499 |
| Metacarpal fracture | 24(3.8) | 50(3.2) | 1.2(0.73–1.96) | 0.489 |
| Metatarsal fracture | 23(3.6) | 38(2.4) | 1.5(0.89–2.56) | 0.122 |
| Calcaneal fracture | 27(4.3) | 99(6.3) | 0.7(0.43–1.02) | 0.058 |
| Pelvic fracture | 20(3.1) | 49(3.1) | 1.0(0.59–1.71) | 0.980 |
+ and a indicated significant lower and higher incidences of the associated injury, respectively, in the adolescents than those adult patients (p<0.05).