Table 14.
Declaring Oneself the Principal: Logit Estimates, Separately for Principals and Nonprincipals and by Sex, NIS-2003 Cohort
| Regressor | Principals | Accompanying Spouses | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | Men | Women | |
| Age | 0.124 | 0.509 | 0.0696 | −0.0351 |
| Age squared | −.00109 | −.000323 | −0.00117 | 0.000655 |
| Joint test chi2 (2 df) | 27.98*** | 20.09*** | 5.58 | 2.55 |
| Hispanic, no race | 0.304 | −0.106 | −0.0763 | --- |
| Hispanic white | 0.294 | 0.181 | 1.774 | 0.814 |
| NonHispanic Asian | 0.243 | 0.392 | −0.414 | 1.283 |
| NonHispanic black | 0.105 | 0.268 | 2.410 | 1.373 |
| NonHispanic white | −0.332 | −0.163 | 1.301 | 0.930 |
| Joint test chi2 | 6.56 (5 df) | 9.34 (5 df) | 10.79 (5 df) | 2.98 (4 df) |
| Catholic | 0.0973 | −0.189 | −0.0879 | −0.459 |
| Orthodox Christian | 0.476 | 0.134 | 0.143 | 0.0227 |
| Protestant | 0.201 | −0.283 | −0.00645 | −0.330 |
| Muslim | 0.444 | −0.162 | −0.212 | 0.305 |
| Jewish | 0.151 | 0.0654 | −1.461 | 0.949 |
| Buddhist | 0.1599 | 0.253 | −0.345 | 0.103 |
| Hindu | −0.135 | −0.336 | 0.731 | −1.476 |
| Other religion | −0.572 | −0.911 | 0.345 | −1.728 |
| Childhood religion missing | −0.0806 | −0.0592 | 1.071 | 0.172 |
| Joint test chi2 (9 df) | 5.87 | 9.18 | 5.44 | 9.50 |
| Family income below average | −0.407 | −0.0586 | 1.014 | −0.864 |
| Family income average | −0.217 | 0.225 | .966 | −0.802 |
| Family income above average | −0.600 | 0.191 | .379 | −0.597 |
| Family income far above average | −0.449 | −0.0260 | 2.131 | −1.801 |
| Joint test chi2 (4 df) | 8.17 | 6.84 | 4.421 | 3.40 |
| Schooling | 0.0216 (0.133) | −0.00103 (0.08) | −0.00977 (0.22) | −0.000549 (0.02) |
| Visa depression | −0.248 (1.61) | −0.192 (1.75) | −1.156 (2.56)** | −0.621 (1.61) |
| Spouse of FB citizen | −0.446 | −0.121 | NA | NA |
| Parent of U.S. citizen | −0.359 | −0.404 | NA | NA |
| Child of U.S. citizen | −0.492 | −0.405 | NA | NA |
| Adult unmarried child of U.S. citizen | −0.164 | 0.0646 | NA | NA |
| Sibling of U.S. citizen | −0.156 | 0.819 | 0.129 | −0.444 |
| Spouse of LPR | −0.958 | −0.292 | NA | NA |
| Child of LPR | −0.422 | −0.0214 | NA | NA |
| Employment | 2.380 | 2.298 | −2.279 | 0.223 |
| Diversity | 2.820 | 2.287 | −0.628 | 1.525 |
| Refugee/asylee/parolee | 0.327 | 0.358 | −2.653 | 1.820 |
| Legalization | −0.0856 | −0.0902 | --- | --- |
| Joint test chi2 | 157.01*** (12 df) | 180.64*** (12 df) | 10.89* (4 df) | 20.24*** (4 df) |
| Adjustee, nonimm visa | 0.309 | 0.0506 | 2.051 | −0.584 |
| Adjustee, EWI/WI | −0.342 | −0.667 | 3.475 | −0.277 |
| Adjustee, UU/UN | −0.232 | −0.549 | --- | 0.434 |
| Adjustee, no code | 0.327 | −0.0671 | 1.499 | −0.325 |
| Adjustee, Warren overstay | 0.248 | 0.0391 | 2.779 | 0.929 |
| Joint test chi2 | 12.43* (5 df) | 20.04** (5 df) | 10.01* (4 df) | 4.61 (5 df) |
| Number of observations | 3566 | 3577 | 333 | 537 |
Notes: NA = not applicable. Specifications also include origin-area fixed effects. Absolute values of asymptotic t-ratio appear in parentheses under parameter estimates for numeric and binary variables. Joint tests reported for multiple-category categorical variables.
*
p < .05,
**
p < .01,
***
p < .001
two-tailed tests for single coefficients, one-tailed for joint tests