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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Aug 28.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Res. 2011 Mar 31;40(5):1292–1336. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2011.03.007

Table 6.

Previous Illegal Experience, by Information Source: NIS-2003 Cohort

Source of Information Men Women All
Immigrant legalization visa 9.23 7.02 7.98
Nonimmigrant code EWI/WI 4.14 3.47 3.76
Nonimmigrant code UU/UN 13.4 11.7 12.4
Nonimmigrant code missing 15.0 14.0 14.4
Nonimmigrant Warren measure 4.96 5.23 5.12
Survey measures 24.5 19.3 21.6
Total based on legalization visa or EWI/WI code 12.9 10.3 11.4
Total based on record alone 37.5 34.4 35.7
Total including survey measures 41.3 38.2 39.6

Notes: The information based on immigrant and nonimmigrant visa is from the official administrative immigrant record. The four components based on nonimmigrant visas are mutually exclusive. The Warren measure refers to having a nonimmigrant tourist visa (B2) and reporting the most recent entry six years or more earlier. The two other components – the immigrant legalization visa and the survey measures – may be combined with any of the other codes, so that, for example, a given respondent may be included in both the legalization visa figure, one of the nonimmigrant visa figures, and the survey measures. Thus, the total estimate is less than the sum of the components. The total estimate may be an underestimate, as it may miss new-arrival immigrants who were already living in the United States illegally and do not report it in the survey measures, as well as persons who had been working without authorization.