Table 4. Overall survival: Explanatory prognostic factors in a Cox proportional Hazards model for the full study collective and for subgroups depending on adjuvant therapy, tumor histology, tumor size and lymph node status.
Included variables: PD-1 expression in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (negative expression (ref.) vs. positive expression), PD-L1 expression in NSCLC cells (negative expression (ref.) vs. positive expression), sex (male (ref.) vs. female), age (<70 years (ref.) vs. ≥70 years), smoking status (no smoking history (ref.) vs. smoking history), adjuvant therapy (no adjuvant therapy (ref.) vs. adjuvant therapy), tumor histology (squamous cell carcinoma (ref.) vs. non squamous cell carcinoma), tumor stage (stage I (ref.) vs. stage II-IV), tumor size (pT1 (ref.) vs. ≥pT2), lymph node status (pN0 (ref.) vs. pN1-3) and grading (<G2 (ref.) vs. ≥G2).
| Prognostic groups | Prognostic factor | p-value | HR1(95% CI)2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All NSCLC patients (n = 301) | Age | 0.005 | 1.545 (1.147–2.080) | |
| Tumor stage | <0.001 | 1.986 (1.492–2.645) | ||
| Sex | 0.006 | 1.658 (1.132–2.429) | ||
| Adjuvant therapy | No adjuvant therapy (n = 255) | PD-1 | 0.035 | 0.659 (0.440–0.987) |
| Age | 0.019 | 1.471 (1.070–2.021) | ||
| Tumor size | 0.016 | 1.563 (1.074–2.275) | ||
| Tumor stage | <0.001 | 1.928 (1.382–2.690) | ||
| Adjuvant therapy (n = 46) | PD-L1 | 0.012 | 0.353 (0.145–0.861) | |
| Tumor histology | Non squamous cell carcinoma (n = 163) | PD-1 | 0.030 | 0.561 (0.322–0.977) |
| Age | 0.016 | 1.704 (1.118–2.598) | ||
| Sex | 0.032 | 1.663 (1.028–2.688) | ||
| Tumor size | 0.043 | 1.627 (1.001–2.646) | ||
| Lymph node status | 0.001 | 2.049 (1.351–3.107) | ||
| Squamous cell carcinoma (n = 138) | PD-L1 | 0.005 | 0.459 (0.252–0.833) | |
| Tumor stage | 0.002 | 1.929 (1.277–2.913) | ||
| Tumor size | pT1 (n = 93) | Sex | 0.002 | 2.860 (1.361–6.010) |
| Tumor stage | 0.005 | 2.615 (1.389–4.922) | ||
| pT2-4 (n = 208) | PD-L1 | 0.004 | 0.556 (0.366–0.844) | |
| PD-1 | 0.023 | 0.626 (0.410–0.954) | ||
| Age | 0.041 | 1.429 (1.020–2.001) | ||
| Lymph node status | 0.001 | 1.783 (1.279–2.486) | ||
| Lymph node status | pN0 (n = 192) | Age | 0.009 | 1.671 (1.140–2.449) |
| Tumor size | 0.004 | 1.809 (1.191–2.747) | ||
| pN1-3 (n = 109) | PD-L1 | 0.005 | 0.470 (0.268–0.825) | |