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. 2015 Jun 25;16(8):955–964. doi: 10.15252/embr.201439979

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Plasmodium sporozoite infection induces ER stress and activates the UPR in hepatocytes

  1. Heatmap of DE transcripts involved in ER stress/UPR pathways in parasitized hepatocytes at 6, 12, 18 and 24 h after infection. Each row of the plot is a gene and was colour-coded according to the log base 2 of the expression fold changes for each transcript, with red meaning upregulation and blue meaning downregulation. Original data from Albuquerque et al 11.
  2. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT–PCR) analysis of Atf4, Chop, Atf3 and Herpud1 mRNA in sorted Hepa 1.6 cells infected with P. berghei at 6 and 24 h after infection relative to its GFP-negative control (dashed line), normalized to hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (Hprt). *P < 0.05, one-sample t-test. Results are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 3 independent experiments).
  3. Heatmap of DE proteins identified as ER proteins by gene ontology (GO) (GO_0044432). Each row of the plot is a protein and was colour-coded according to row-normalized log intensity (z-score) with red meaning upregulation and blue meaning downregulation. Each row is identified with gene name and UniProt accession number. Each column represents a replicate. Highlighted in blue are all the proteins mentioned in the text. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD002269.