Figure 1.

Illustration of electrical stimulation, ankle angle, and torque during eccentric contraction (ECC). (A) Electrical stimulation. Pulses of electrical stimulation continued 0.7 sec (4 msec pulse duration, 70 pulses), followed by 2.3 sec rest period. (B) Alteration in ankle angle. During the first 0.2 sec (shaded area), ankle angle was constant. For the next 0.5 sec of the stimulation, ankle joint plantar flexion was induced by the electromotor. Subsequently, the ankle joint returned to the starting position without electrical stimulation. (C) Generated torque during ECC. Vertical arrows represent isometric and eccentric torque defined in the present study.