Table 4. Comparison of ROSE vs fixed sampling for four case types using the baseline sampling protocol.

(Stopping rules: 3 needle passes for fixed sampling, 1 adequate sample for ROSE). Case types correspond to the procedure type (simple vs complex) and the per-pass probability of an adequate sample (low vs high).

Outcome		Symbol	Scenario
			Complex High Success	Complex Low Success	Simple High Success	Simple Low Success
Expected Total Cost	Rose	TC R	$652	$836	$203	$251
	Fixed	TC F	$599	$874	$170	$248
	Difference	difference	$53	-$37	$33	$3
Needle Passes per Procedure	Rose	${\mathit{N}}_{\mathit{pass}}^{\mathit{R}}$	1.7	3.4	1.7	3.4
	Fixed	${\mathit{N}}_{\mathit{pass}}^{\mathit{F}}$	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0
	Difference	difference	-1.3	0.4	-1.3	0.4
Adequacy Rate	Rose	A R	0.98	0.94	0.98	0.94
	Fixed	A F	0.93	0.65	0.93	0.65
	Difference	difference	0.05	0.29	0.05	0.29
Number of Procedures Per Diagnosis	Rose	${\mathit{N}}_{\mathit{proc}}^{\mathit{R}}$	1.02	1.06	1.02	1.06
	Fixed	${\mathit{N}}_{\mathit{proc}}^{\mathit{F}}$	1.07	1.57	1.07	1.57
	Difference	difference	-0.05	-0.51	-0.05	-0.51
Cost Per Procedure	Rose	${\mathit{TC}}_{\mathit{proc}}^{\mathit{R}}$	$641	$787	$199	$237
	Fixed	${\mathit{TC}}_{\mathit{proc}}^{\mathit{F}}$	$558	$558	$158	$158
	Difference	difference	$83	$229	$41	$79
Duration Of Sample Period	Rose	${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{sample}}^{\mathit{R}}$ (min)	15.6	30.6	15.6	30.6
	Fixed	${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{sample}}^{\mathit{F}}$ (min)	6.0	6.0	6.0	6.0
	Difference	difference	9.6	24.6	9.6	24.6