Table 3.
Within study group MRI comparisons between subjects with and without migraine.
| HIs (n = 251) |
MS (n = 509) |
CIS (n = 64) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| W/o migraine (n = 214) |
Migraine (n = 37) |
p-Value | W/o migraine (n = 396) | Migraine (n = 113) | p-Value | W/o migraine (n = 53) | Migraine (n = 11) | p-Value | |
| Presence of CE lesions | NA | NA | NA | 94 (23.7) | 40 (35.4) | 0.013 | 9 (17) | 2 (18.2) | 0.923 |
| Number of CE lesions | NA | NA | NA | 0.21 (0.74) | 0.91 (4.36) | 0.019 | 0.45 (1.25) | 0.10 (0.32) | 0.380 |
| CE-LV | NA | NA | NA | 31.2 (134.4) | 125.3 (572.6) | 0.022 | 65.8 (196.5) | 5.4 (17.1) | 0.326 |
| Number of T2 lesions | 2.7 (6.82) | 2.03 (4.5) | 0.505 | 29 (20) | 27.8 (19.8) | 0.401 | 22.2 (25.8) | 11 (6.9) | 0.170 |
| T2-LV | 277.1 (1200) | 113.5 (241.1) | 0.402 | 13,901.7 (16,530.2) | 13,546.2 (15,966.2) | 0.829 | 4406.7 (6111.7) | 1960.9 (1794.3) | 0.183 |
| Number of T1 lesions | NA | NA | NA | 11.21 (11.52) | 10.12 (12.33) | 0.412 | 4.14 (7.83) | 2.70 (4.88) | 0.469 |
| T1-LV | NA | NA | NA | 3021.6 (5528.6) | 3082.4 (7479.1) | 0.832 | 423.6 (731.8) | 369.3 (957.9) | 0.706 |
| NBV | 1533.8 (95.3) | 1551.9 (83) | 0.089 | 1474.5 (99.1) | 1484.9 (95.6) | 0.278 | 1543.4 (63.7) | 1580 (81.3) | 0.157 |
| NGMV | 780.2 (67.2) | 789.9 (52.7) | 0.191 | 734.4 (71.9) | 747.4 (68.2) | 0.651 | 784 (49) | 802.3 (59.9) | 0.444 |
| NWMV | 753.6 (44.1) | 762.1 (44.1) | 0.156 | 740.1 (66.8) | 737.5 (65) | 0.332 | 759.4 (44.1) | 777.7 (70.6) | 0.278 |
| NLVV | 34.3 (15.5) | 30.2 (9.2) | 0.107 | 49.6 (22.6) | 46 (22.1) | 0.954 | 35.2 (12.7) | 33.9 (19.2) | 0.999 |
| NCV | 636.1 (57.4) | 644.3 (46.3) | 0.231 | 594.3 (60.7) | 607.1 (56.9) | 0.819 | 633.4 (40.5) | 658.6 (47.7) | 0.115 |
HIs—healthy individuals; MS—multiple sclerosis; CIS—clinically isolated syndrome; CE—contrast enhancing; LV—lesion volume; NA—not available; NBV—normalized brain volume; NGMV—normalized gray matter volume; NWMV—normalized white matter volume; NLVV—normalized lateral ventricular volume; NCV—normalized neocortical volume.
All data are presented as mean and standard deviations. The presence of CE is reported as the number and percentage. Volumetric measures are presented in cubic millimeters (mm3) for LV and in cubic centimeters (cm3) for brain volumes.
The comparison between HIs, MS and CIS groups was performed using analysis of covariance with age, gender and disease-modifying treatment, as covariates. p-Values < 0.05 were considered significant (highlighted in bold) after correction for multiple comparisons.