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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Biochem Sci. 2015 Aug 4;40(9):516–525. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2015.07.003

Figure 4. Signaling pathways regulate distinct steps in the transcription cycle.

Figure 4

The major steps in the transcription cycle are depicted. The two key rate-limiting steps, initiation and release, of paused Pol II, can be differentially regulated by signaling pathways. It is also possible that some signaling pathways regulate both steps to tightly control the transcription level.