Table 1.

Kinetics of recent major calcium indicators.

GECI/Dye	Rise time constant	Decay time constant	kon (M−1 s−1)	koff (s−1)
R-CatchER		0.33 ms	>2.5×107	>2100
CatchER [35]		1.44 ms	~3.89×106	~700
CH-GECO2.1 [53]			3.70 × 105*	0.423
R-GECO1 [42]			9.52 × 109*	0.752
TN-XL [54]	240 ms	430 ms		2.3
TN-XXL [28]	1.04 s	0.88 s		1.1
D1ER [24]			3.6×106	256
YC3.3 [18]	1.41 s	1.05 s		12
YC3.6 [18]	0.82 s	0.73 s		1.4
YC2.6 [18]		5.24 s		0.2
D3cpv [18]	0.68 s	1.96 s		0.5
TN-L15 [18]	0.81 s	1.49 s		0.7
TN-XL [18]	0.59 s	0.20 s		5
GCaMP1.6 [18]	1.38 s	0.45 s		2.2
GCaMP3 [31]		0.22 s		4.6
Fast-GCaMP-RS09 [31]		36 ms		27
OGB-1 [18]	0.24 s	0.38 s		2.6
Fluo-4 [55]			6.0×108	210
Calcium Green-5N [56]			4.0×108	9259
Mag-Fura-2 [56]			7.5×108	26760
Fluo-5F [55]			3.0×108	300

^*The unit is M⁻ⁿs⁻¹. n(CH-GECO2.1)=0.58 and n(R-GECO1)=1.6.