Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2015 Oct;35(5):566–573. doi: 10.1097/JCP.0000000000000372

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Impact of professional subjects who appear to achieve treatment success (panels A–C) or treatment failure (panels D–F) on an efficacy trial. A and D: Apparent success rate, with success of legitimate subjects set at 15% for active medication (filled circles) and at 5% for placebo (open circles). B and E: Number of subjects/group required to achieve 80% power in detecting a significant treatment effect (alpha 0.05; 2-sided). C and F: Apparent effect size (odds ratio). In all cases, there is an equal distribution of professional subjects among the placebo and active medication groups.