Grape powder (80 or 120 g/day) or resveratrol (20 or 80 mg/day) for 14 days |
Colon cancer (N = 8) |
Grape powder inhibited the expression of a panel of Wnt target genes in normal colonic mucosa. |
42 |
Grape powder (74.2 g) was given on two occasions separated by 2 weeks |
Oxidative stress (N = 8) |
Consumption of grape powder with meal was found to increase the levels of hydrophilic antioxidant capacity. |
43 |
Grape powder (500 mg of polyphenols/day) or placebo for 5 weeks. |
Inflammatory and antioxidant markers in HD patients (N = 16) |
Grape powder consumption increased the activity of GSH-Px and reduced the inflammation progression in hemodialysis (HD) patients. |
44 |
Muscadine grape seed (1300 mg or placebo) daily for 4 weeks, with a 4 week washout. |
Subjects with coronary disease or ≥ 1 cardiac risk factor (N = 50) |
Muscadine grape seed supplementation increased baseline diameter (mm) without improved flow-mediated dilatation (FMD). |
45 |
Red grape cell powder (RGC) (200 or 400 mg or placebo) daily for 12 weeks. |
Subjects with prehypertension and mild hypertension (N = 50) |
RGC consumption was associated with an improvement of FMD (indicating endothelial function), decrease in lipid peroxidation and diastolic blood pressure without any adverse effects. |
46 |
Grape powder (46 g) or placebo two time a day for 3 weeks |
Obese subjects with BMI = 30–45 kg/m2) (N = 24) |
Grape powder increased IL-1β and IL-6 production, and reduced plasma concentrations of large LDL and large LDL- cholesterol particles in obese humans. |
47 |
Grape powder (46 g/day) for 4 weeks |
Men with metabolic syndrome (N = 24) |
Grape consumption displayed anti-oxidative markers and increased anti-inflammatory markers in the absence of the inflammatory milieu associated with dyslipidemias. |
48 |
Grape powder (46 g/day) for 30 days |
Men with metabolic syndrome (N = 24) |
Grape supplementation improved vascular endothelial function and biomarkers of metabolic syndrome by increasing FMD, and decreasing systolic blood pressure and circulating inflammatory molecules. |
49 |
Grape powder (36 g) or a placebo for 4 weeks |
24 pre- and 20 postmenopausal women |
Grape supplementation demonstrated a cardioprotective effect in pre- and postmenopausal women by lowering oxidative stress and plasma lipid levels. |
50 |
Grape powder (94 g/day) for 6 weeks |
Postmenopausal women (N = 18) |
No significant changes were noticed in plasma hormone levels. |
51 |