TABLE 2.
Cox Models Evaluating Risk Factors for the ADRESS-HCC Model (Derivation Cohort [n=17,124])
| Variable | Univariate Model HR (95% CI) P | Multivariate Model HR (95% CI) P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (per y increase) | 1.04 (1.03–1.04) | <.001 | 1.05 (1.04–1.06) | <.001 |
| Etiology of cirrhosisa | ||||
| Autoimmune | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Alcohol/metabolic | 2.28 (1.69–3.07) | <.001 | 1.43 (1.04–1.97) | .030 |
| Viral | 4.72 (3.55–6.26) | <.001 | 3.38 (2.50–4.55) | <.001 |
| Diabetes present | 1.31 (1.11–1.54) | .001 | 1.25 (1.06–1.48) | .008 |
| Male sex | 2.03 (1.76–2.33) | <.001 | 1.99 (1.71–2.30) | <.001 |
| CTP score (per unit increase) | 1.17 (1.13–1.21) | <.001 | 1.17 (1.13–1.21) | <.001 |
| Nonwhite race | 1.26 (1.12–1.43) | <.001 | 1.20 (1.06–1.37) | .005 |
| MELD score (per unit increase) | 1.02 (1.01–1.04) | .007 | – | – |
| Body mass index (per 5-unit increase) | 1.01 (0.96–1.07) | .681 | – | – |
| Presence of TIPS | 0.88 (0.69–1.12) | .315 | – | – |
| Previous variceal hemorrhage | 0.93 (0.67–1.29) | .643 | – | – |
| Bilirubin (per unit increase) | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | <.001 | – | – |
| INR (per unit increase) | 1.36 (1.22–1.52) | <.001 | – | – |
| Creatinine (log) | 1.16 (1.00–1.33) | .040 | – | – |
Abbreviations: 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; ADRESS, age, diabetes, race, etiology cirrhosis, sex, and severity; CTP, Child-Turcotte-Pugh; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HR, hazards ratio; INR, international normalized ratio; MELD, model of end-stage liver disease; TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.
a
Autoimmune: autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis. Alcohol/metabolic: hereditary hemochromatosis, alpha-1 antitrypsin, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis cryptogenic, and alcohol. Viral: hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus.