Table 2.
Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of propolis extracts.
| Samples | Extraction yield | Total polyphenol content | Total flavonoids content |
|---|---|---|---|
| (%) | (mg GAE g−1) | (mg RE g−1) | |
| WEP | 1.81 ± 0.05a | 6.68 ± 0.01ab | 4.07 ± 0.01a |
| 25% EEP | 3.71 ± 0.14b | 15.79 ± 0.02a | 15.22 ± 0.01c |
| 50% EEP | 42.14 ± 0.51c | 149.90 ± 0.13ab | 204.29 ± 0.13d |
| 75% EEP | 47.60 ± 0.79d | 164.20 ± 0.07bc | 282.83 ± 0.26e |
| 95% EEP | 49.36 ± 0.65d | 162.34 ± 0.12c | 246.03 ± 0.31d |
| 100% EEP | 51.03 ± 0.16d | 152.03 ± 0.11d | 250.86 ± 0.21d |
Note: water extracts of propolis were expressed as WEP. Extracts of propolis by using 25, 50, 75, 95, and 100 wt. % ethanol/water solvents were expressed as 25% EEP, 50% EEP, 75% EEP, 95% EEP, and 100% EEP, respectively. TPC was expressed as milligram of gallic acid equivalent per gram of propolis (mg GAE g−1). TFC was expressed as milligram of rutin equivalent per gram of propolis (mg RE g−1). Dates are mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). Values in the same column followed by the same lowercased letter are not significantly different by Duncan's Multiple-Range Test (p < 0.05).