Table 2.
Lineage-specific proteins upregulated in AF-MSCs undergoing myogenic (M), adipogenic (A), osteogenic (O), and neurogenic (N) differentiation. A mean ratio above 1.3 is defined as upregulated expression in differentiated cells.
| Protein full name | Fold-changes versus control | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Ratio M/C | ||
| Desmin | 3.3 | Smooth muscle marker |
| Calponin 1 | 2.8 | Smooth muscle marker |
| Transgelin 3 | 2.0 | Smooth muscle marker |
| Tropomyosin alpha 4 chain | 1.9 | Muscle cell contraction regulation |
| Integrin alpha 5 | 1.8 | Myogenic precursor marker |
| Myosin light chain kinase smooth muscle | 1.7 | Smooth muscle marker |
| Myosin 10 | 1.7 | Actomyosin structure organization |
| Myosin regulatory light chain 12A | 1.6 | Muscle cell contraction regulation |
| Caveolin 1 | 1.5 | Myogenic precursor marker |
|
| ||
| Ratio A/C | ||
| Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 | 2.4 | Expressed in preadipocytes |
| Peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 21 | 1.7 | Involved in fatty acid, lipid metabolism |
| Adipocyte plasma membrane associated protein | 1.3 | Expressed in adipocytes |
|
| ||
| Ratio O/C | ||
| Tropomyosin alpha 4 chain | 2.1 | Osteoblast differentiation |
| Collagen alpha 3–6 chain | 2.5 | Matrix component organization |
| Casein kinase II subunit alpha | 1.4 | Cellular processes regulation |
|
| ||
| Ratio N/C | ||
| Cadherin 13 | 2.5 | Adhesion in nervous system |
| Calponin 3 | 2.1 | Actomyosin structure organization |
| Nestin | 1.5 | Neuronal progenitor cell marker |
| Tubulin beta 3 chain | 1.3 | Required for axon growth/guidance |