Fig. 4. Effects of dexmedetomidine on histamine-induced IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression. (A) After pre-treatment with 100 ng/mL dexmedetomidine (Dex) for 30 min, HeLa cells were stimulated with PBS and 100 nM histamine (His) for 90 min and then total RNA was extracted and amplified with primers specific for IL-6, IL-8, and GAPDH. Data are from one of experimental replicates. IL-6 (B) and IL-8 mRNA (C) expressions were quantified after normalizing to GAPDH levels as a loading control (n=6 and n=3, respectively). Results are the means±SEMs of independent experiments. M: DNA ladder (bp), PBS: phosphate buffered saline. ^*p<0.01 was considered statistically significant.