Table 1.
Reported insect host record for Helicosporidium spp.
| Original insect hosts | Location | Heterologous insect hosts 1 | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diptera | |||
| Ceratopogonidae | |||
| Dasyhelea obscura | England | nr | [1] |
| Rhiphidae | |||
| Mycetobia pallipes | England | nr | [1] |
| Culicidae | |||
| Culex territans | USA | nr | [45] |
| Culex nigripalpus | USA | Diptera (15) Coleoptera (3) Lepidoptera (2) | [26] |
| Culex quinquefasciatus | Thailand | nr | [24] |
| Culex pipiens | Egypt | Diptera (4) Lepidoptera (1) | [9] |
| Aedes aegypti | Thailand | Diptera (3) Lepidoptera (1) | [24] |
| Sciaridae | |||
| Ctenosciara hyalipennis | Germany | nr | [46] |
| Simuliidae | |||
| Simulium jonesi | USA | Diptera (4) Coleoptera (1) Lepidoptera (4) | [8] |
| Coleoptera | |||
| Nitidulidae | |||
| Carpophilus dimidiatus | USA | nr | [47] |
| Carpophilus freeman | USA | nr | [47] |
| Carpophilus hemipterus | USA | nr | [47] |
| Carpophilus mutilatus | USA, Mexico | Diptera (1) Coleoptera (9) Lepidoptera (5) | [47,48] |
| Carpophilus pilosellus | USA | nr | [47] |
| Conotelus stenoides | USA | nr | [47] |
| Stelidota geminata | USA | nr | [47] |
| Urophorus humeralis | Mexico | nr | [47] |
| Scarabaeidae | |||
| Orycetes monoceros | Tanzania | nr | [49] |
| Curculionidae | |||
| Cyrtobagous salviniae | South Africa | Diptera (3) Coleoptera (1) Lepidoptera (2) | [12] |
| Dendroctonus micans | Turkey | nr | [10] |
| Rhizophaginae | |||
| Rhizophagus grandis | Turkey | nr | [11,13] |
| Lepidoptera | |||
| Hepialidae | |||
| Hepialis pallens | Argentina | nr | [3] |
| Tortricidae | |||
| Epiphyas postvittana | New Zealand | nr | [44] |
1 “nr” denotes that no heterologous hosts have been reported. When available, the numbers of heterologous host species is indicated in parenthesis.