Table 3. Adjusted odds ratio of self-rated subjective health status by selected biochemical data and nutrient intakes in adult subjects according to 2007-2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey*.
Classification | Units | Non-smokers (n = 16,590) | Former smokers (n = 5,454) | Current smokers (n = 5,490) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL) | 10 | 1.071 (1.039-1.104) | 1.050 (0.995-1.108) | 1.078 (1.020-1.138) |
Serum triglyceride (mg/dL) | 10 | 0.994 (0.989-0.999) | 0.996 (0.990-1.002) | 0.995 (0.990-1.000) |
Serum glucose (mg/dL) | 10 | 0.949 (0.931-0.967) | 0.910 (0.883-0.937) | 0.930 (0.904-0.956) |
Serum alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 10 | 0.929 (0.888-0.972) | 0.978 (0.943-1.015) | 0.952 (0.922-0.984) |
Serum aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 10 | 0.941 (0.903-0.980) | 0.978 (0.953-1.004) | 0.965 (0.937-0.994) |
Energy (% EER) | 10 | 1.015 (0.906-1.138) | 0.956 (0.759-1.203) | 0.848 (0.699-1.027) |
Protein (% RI) | 10 | 1.009 (1.000-1.017) | 1.001 (0.983-1.019) | 1.006 (0.994-1.018) |
Carbohydrate (% of energy) | 10 | 0.945 (0.914-0.977) | 0.986 (0.928-1.047) | 1.005 (0.956-1.055) |
Fat (% of energy) | 2 | 1.017 (1.007-1.026) | 1.001 (0.981-1.021) | 1.005 (0.988-1.022) |
Fiber (g) | 2 | 1.011 (1.003-1.02) | 1.003 (0.99-1.016) | 1.014 (1.000-1.027) |
Log transformed Vitamin C (mg) | 1.118 (1.067-1.171) | 1.041 (0.952-1.138) | 1.157 (1.069-1.253) | |
Log transformed total Vitamin A (µg RE) | 1.062 (1.015-1.110) | 1.065 (0.988-1.148) | 1.114 (1.036-1.197) |
*Adjusted for gender, age, residence area, income, occupation, smoking and drinking status, education, stress level, obesity, and physical activities. EER, energy requirement estimation; RI, recommended intake; RE, retinol equivalent.